Once kidney cancer is detected, surgery is recommended as long as the patient’s physical condition permits. Unless the patient is bedridden or paralyzed for a long time or has poor cardiopulmonary function and cannot tolerate surgery and anesthesia, he/she can choose clinical observation or conservative treatment, such as local heat therapy or interventional therapy. Interventional embolization of blood vessels can be used to achieve the purpose of controlling the growth of the tumor, or cryotherapy can be used to control the tumor, or make the tumor itself necrosis these treatments. However, all of these treatments have the risk of further tumor growth, recurrence or metastasis in the long term, and are only applicable to patients who cannot undergo surgery. If there are conditions and opportunities for surgery, patients are recommended to undergo surgery in order to achieve the goal of clinical cure. After surgical treatment, the median survival rate of patients is relatively high and the probability of metastasis and recurrence will be reduced after renal tumor resection or radical nephrectomy. At this time, the survival period of patients can be prolonged and the quality of life of patients can be improved, so it is recommended that all patients who are physically fit undergo surgical treatment.