Surgery for anal fistula is usually not done with any flap formation procedure. Depending on the actual condition of the fistula, the surgery is categorized into anal fistula excision, anal fistulotomy and hanging therapy. The principle of anal fistula incision and excision treatment is to cut or excise the fistula to form an open wound, preventing stool from remaining in the wound and promoting its healing. Hanging thread therapy for anal fistula is used when the fistula has passed through the anal sphincter. Since the wound caused by anal fistula surgery is relatively large and secretions will be more abundant, regular dressing changes are needed after anal fistula surgery to prevent infection and pseudo-healing of the wound. Regardless of the type of surgery, there is no need to do any flap formation surgery. Because the anal fistula itself is infected or contaminated wound, after surgical incision or excision of the anal fistula, the surgical wound can heal by itself and make the anal fistula disappear; and although the hanging wire therapy takes longer to heal, there is no shortage of skin on the wound that can’t heal. Therefore, there is no need to do any skin flap formation surgery during anal fistula surgery. Anal fistula patients need timely medical treatment, clear diagnosis after targeted treatment.