At present, most epilepsy patients can receive drug treatment, but there are still 20%-30% of patients who are difficult to get effective control after drug treatment, that is, drug-refractory epilepsy. In recent years, epilepsy surgical treatment has developed rapidly, but there is still a large gap in surgical treatment in China. The basic principles of surgical procedures include removal of abnormal discharging lesions and cutting off the related neuronal conduction pathways. The location of the abnormally discharged neurons determines the choice of surgical mode, and the lesions cannot be surgically removed if they are in functional brain areas. It is worth mentioning that in recent years, a surgical treatment technique called “vagus nerve stimulation (VNS)” has been popularized abroad for its safety, simplicity, minimal damage and side effects, and has been welcomed by doctors and patients. VagusNerveStimulation (VNS) is a new technique that has been gradually improved and clinically applied in the last decade, and is a non-pharmacological neurological control assisted treatment system. The system consists of a pulse generator, vagus nerve spiral electrodes, and a controllable program regulator. The stimulating electrode is placed on the left vagus nerve stem and connected to the pulse generator through a subcutaneous tunnel, which can adjust and change the parameters of frequency, intensity and duration of stimulation. It is a reversible, in vitro, wirelessly programmable treatment, which is an active treatment for refractory epilepsy that cannot be controlled by drugs and cannot be surgically removed. Several recent studies have shown that the antiepileptic effects of VNS are related to various mechanisms such as affecting nerve conduction and brain electrical activity, altering neurotransmitters and the plasticity of central neurons. According to Chunjie Song, a specialist at Jiangsu Provincial People’s Hospital, VNS was officially approved by the FDA in 1997 as an adjunctive therapy for adults and adolescents with refractory partial-onset epilepsy. More than 70,000 patients have been treated with VNS in more than 75 countries worldwide. According to foreign multicenter reports, VNS for refractory epilepsy can reduce seizure frequency by up to 50%, reduce seizure severity and improve patients’ quality of life. Subsequently, due to the high safety and low side effects of VNS technology, it has been applied to the control of epilepsy of all ages and all seizure forms, and has accumulated a lot of clinical experience. The “immediate on” feature of the system is worth mentioning. When a patient feels a seizure coming on or during a seizure, a magnet can be rubbed across the device relative to the body surface to activate the device immediately, which can stop the seizure, shorten the duration or reduce the intensity of the seizure.