Painful urethra and stinging urine in women are mostly considered to be caused by urinary tract infections. Urinary tract infections are inflammatory diseases caused by various pathogenic microorganisms invading and multiplying in the urinary system, which can manifest as painful urination, frequent urination and urgent urination, and are mostly seen in diseases such as cystitis and urethritis. Sometimes it may also be caused by obstruction of urinary stones. The urethra of women is close to the anus and the urethra of women is relatively short, so it is easy to retrograde infection, resulting in pain in the female urethra, stinging urine along with abnormal urine and perineal pain and other symptoms. The patient can take oral sodium bicarbonate or potassium citrate to alkalize the urine as prescribed by the doctor to relieve the symptoms of painful urination; they can also use antibiotics such as ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and cefuroxime to control the infection; 2, urethritis: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, mycoplasma, trichomonas, herpes simplex virus and other pathogenic microorganisms may cause urethral infections, which are prone to female urethral pain and stinging urine, and may be accompanied by urethral itching, redness and swelling of the urethra It may be accompanied by symptoms such as itchy urethra, redness and swelling of the urethra, urethral discharge, and may even involve the mucous membrane of the urinary and genital systems. The onset of gonococcal urethritis is more acute, with redness or stinging of the mucous membrane of the urethra with yellowish-white purulent discharge, and treatment may include antibiotics such as cefixime and ciprofloxacin. Urethritis caused by other pathogens can secrete a small amount of white thin discharge, treatment can be used azithromycin, minocycline and other antibiotics. Do not have intercourse during treatment to avoid cross-infection. Second, urinary tract stones: urethral stones, bladder stones, lower ureteral stones may cause pain in the female urethra, stinging pain in urination, due to stone obstruction, there may also be difficulty in urination, interruption of urination and other situations. A clear diagnosis can be made through routine urine tests and ultrasound, and if the diagnosis is confirmed to be caused by stones, prompt treatment is needed. If the stone is small or in the form of sediment, you can drink a lot of water to promote the discharge of the stone; if the stone is large, you need to remove the stone or lithotripsy through surgery. At the same time, antibiotics can be used under the guidance of a doctor to avoid infection, and pain medication or antispasmodic drugs can be used to relieve pain.