Lumbar disc herniation is the main disease causing back and leg pain, which seriously affects people’s normal work and life. However, due to the anatomical and physiological complexity of the lumbar disc, there have been many debates on the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of lumbar herniation for a long time, and this study investigated the relationship between the straight leg elevation test and the degree of herniation, the degree of disc degeneration and clinical typing. Causes of the straight leg elevation phenomenon Nerve root compression due to herniated discs is generally used. However, in clinical practice, there are many phenomena that contradict this, thus generating many debates. In this study, statistical analysis was done from the degree of herniation, the degree of disc degeneration, and the lumbar type, etc. It was concluded that although the more severe the degree of herniation. The rate of positive straight leg elevation test is higher, but there are still 30 cases of negative straight leg elevation test, the incidence of disc bulge in negative cases is 30%, the incidence of herniation is 33.3%, and the incidence of prolapse is 36.7%, but not all LDH can produce the corresponding symptoms and signs. Due to the compensatory capacity of the body and cushioning structures, there can be no corresponding symptoms or radicular signs if the herniation is small or if the inflammatory and immune response does not reach the nerve root. The degree of degeneration is not related to the rate of positive straight leg raise test. Relevant studies have shown that when the lumbar disc degenerates. Due to changes in its biochemical composition, i.e., a decrease in water and proteoglycans and an increase in collagen content, causing a decrease in its, r2 belief number and considering it as a sign of disc degeneration, Beanie et al. stated that disc degeneration is not associated with specific forms of pain, which is consistent with the present study, and in contrast to the present study Terlli et al. concluded that the degree of degeneration is associated with low back and leg pain, and the current study on There is still much debate about the meaning of “black intervertebral disc”. Further research is needed on related issues. The straight leg raise test does not correlate with lumbar shape Feng Tianyou believes that the mechanism of body shape change in lumbar synostosis during the progression of the disease is that the spine a pelvic conjugate system is a mechanical equilibrium. When the intervertebral mechanical equilibrium of the spine is disturbed and destabilized, the body will use self-stabilizing mechanisms such as pelvic tilt, scoliosis, and thoracic torsion for self-regulation, and the anterior convexity of the lower back curve in the sagittal position is forced to compensate for the coronal rotational scoliosis, while a new force balance is established, and the pain avoidance reflex and the requirement to walk upright lead to changes in the overall body shape. The lumbar body shape successively becomes flattened, lumbosacral upward shift, and rotating pelvis and buttocks. The change of waist shape can reflect the development stage of the disease more comprehensively and judge the severity of the disease and the disease situation, while the straight leg raise can only explain one side of the disease, so we must consider the waist shape and other comprehensive factors to judge the disease. In summary, the straight leg elevation test has a very important role in the diagnosis and treatment of lumbar disc herniation, but it does not cover the entire situation, and the clinical significance of the straight leg elevation test should be re-understood. The straight leg elevation test can only indicate the degree of lumbar disc herniation and degeneration to a certain extent. Since there are many causes of low back pain, the body’s compensatory capacity is strong. The compensatory capacity of the body is strong, and there are still some patients with obvious herniation but no radicular signs, and the straight leg elevation test cannot reflect the stage of disease development, so it suggests that we must consider all factors before making a judgment of the disease.