1. Etiology Ankylosis of the elbow joint is often caused by the following reasons: (1) improper repositioning of the elbow joint after fracture, especially intra-articular fracture; (2) ossifying myositis; (3) extensive and severe adhesions caused by injuries to muscles, tendons, ligaments, and joint capsule; (4) improper treatment after trauma to the elbow joint, such as long-term immobilization, strong activities, and massage therapy; (5) infection of the elbow joint. The elbow joint can be straightened in any position, most often in flexion (about 2/3) and in extension (about 1/3), and regardless of the position, it causes serious dysfunction of the elbow joint. Based on the status of fracture healing and soft tissue repair after elbow injury, the rehabilitation treatment is divided into three stages: early stage: 0~3 weeks after surgery; middle stage: 3~6 weeks after surgery; later stage: 6 weeks after surgery Early stage rehabilitation: eliminating swelling; relieving pain (elevating the affected limb, doing hand grasping and fist making exercises); maintaining the maximum range of motion of the injured joint (doing isometric contraction training of elbow flexion and extension); preventing adhesions of the adjacent joint. ); prevention of adjacent joint adhesions (shoulder pendulum movement, shoulder shrugging; maintaining full range of motion of the wrist, metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints). Mid-term rehabilitation: increase joint mobility – continuous passive motion machine (CPM) treatment of elbow joint, joint release technique, device traction (infrared assisted irradiation treatment), instruct patients to do flexion and extension muscle training. Post-rehabilitation: wax therapy, herbal fumigation – soft tissue softening around the joint; muscle relaxation to create conditions for exercise – elbow joint massage; increase joint mobility – joint loosening The patient should have a plastic splint (in extension position) and elastic bandage (in flexion position) for fixation, and traction with instruments (infrared-assisted irradiation therapy); to enhance muscle strength – instruct the patient to do muscle strength training for elbow flexion and elbow extension; to reduce swelling and pain – ice packs or external application of San Qi San.