Tonsils are part of the lymphoid tissue, and the pharyngeal submucosa is rich in lymphoid tissue and larger lymphoid masses called tonsils. Tonsils have pharyngeal tonsils (also known as adenoids), palatine tonsils, lingual tonsils and pharyngeal tonsils. The palatine tonsils are the largest and are generally customarily referred to as tonsils. The tonsils are part of the immune organs, which contain a variety of phagocytes and produce both cells and antibodies with natural immunity. The tonsils have a certain immune function in childhood, and with the gradual activation of the immune function, the tonsils also gradually increase in size, especially at the age of 3-5 years, the tonsils are significantly enlarged. If the tonsils are simply enlarged, it is a normal physiological phenomenon. after the age of 10, with the arrival of puberty, the immune activity of the tonsils is weakened, and the tonsils gradually shrink. If a child’s tonsils are simply enlarged, no treatment is needed. If the enlarged tonsils interfere with breathing and swallowing and cause snoring and open-mouth breathing at night, or if the tonsils are repeatedly inflamed, with more than seven episodes in a year; or if they have two consecutive years of episodes, with more than five episodes in a year, they need to undergo tonsillectomy surgery. In case of acute attacks of chronic tonsillitis, treatment with sensitive antibiotics is required. The preferred antibiotic class of drugs is penicillin or cephalosporin antibiotics.