Gastroscopy can directly and clearly observe the lesions of gastrointestinal organs such as esophagus, stomach, duodenum and large intestine, and is the only reliable method to confirm the diagnosis of gastritis, gastric ulcer, gastric cancer, colon cancer and other diseases. However, in conventional gastroscopy, patients often experience nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and other side effects, and most patients have certain fears as a result. Painless gastroscopy makes gastroscopy easy and easily accepted. Ren Hongyu, Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan Union Hospital In routine endoscopy, patients without anesthetic sedation have much lower tolerance for endoscopy pain than sedated patients, and the pain increases when the examination time is longer. Painless gastroscopy is a clinical operation technique in which a certain dose of anesthetic sedative is injected during routine gastroscopy to make the patient appear to be asleep for a short period of time, and after the gastroscopy operation is completed, the patient immediately wakes up as usual and has no memory of the whole examination process and no painful sensation. It is also difficult to keep a non-anesthetized patient immobile for a long time. It is convenient for both the operator and the patient to undergo the examination and treatment under anesthesia, sleep or deep sedation. The advantages of painless gastroscopy are as follows: the patient is unconscious and painless during the operation, which excludes all kinds of discomfort and painful experiences brought about by endoscopic operations; the operator can complete the corresponding examination and treatment calmly, carefully and thoroughly, relatively regardless of the operation time, which can reduce the problems of treatment omission caused by haste; the complications related to tension, fear and uncooperativeness, such as cardiovascular system accidents, intestinal spasm, bleeding, penetration, etc., are reduced. It can reduce the complications caused by nervousness, fear and uncooperativeness, such as cardiovascular accidents, intestinal spasm, bleeding, perforation, etc.; it can make some contraindications or relative contraindications of routine endoscopy, such as hypertension, schizophrenia and uncooperative pediatric patients, to receive the examination, and expand the indications of endoscopy. Ren Hongyu, Associate Professor, Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology