Lumber Disc Heriationg (LDH) is a common condition that accounts for 25 to 80% of pain department admissions, and treatment of LDH is increasingly using minimally invasive percutaneous puncture techniques. These include nerve block to eliminate nerve root inflammation, discography to diagnose the cause of low back pain, intervertebral foramen minipuncture or radiofrequency to release nerve root entrapment, collagenase lysis of central nucleus pulposus or herniation for decompression, radiofrequency (curved needle) shaping of the fibrous ring or radiofrequency (straight needle) of the target site for fissure hyperthermia ablation, plasma radiofrequency nucleus pulposus cryoablation, disc nucleus pulposus spinotomy with flushing suction for decompression, disc nucleus pulposus hydrodissection for decompression, disc nucleus pulposus electrokinetic spinning decompression of the nucleus pulposus, laser high temperature decompression of the nucleus pulposus, triple oxygen ablation and decompression of the nucleus pulposus, manual clamping and decompression of the disc fibrous ring herniation, clamping and decompression of the herniation combined with radiofrequency ablation under intervertebral foraminoscopy, etc. With the development and progress of minimally invasive technology, the ability of the pain department to treat LDH is constantly improving, but postoperative complications are also becoming more and more prominent, the most common of which is the new emergence of postoperative low back pain. The personal experience of prevention and treatment is described as follows. Causes of postoperative low back pain: All low back sensations are managed by the posterior branch of the spinal nerve system. In addition to continuing to walk outward and backward in the intervertebral foramen to manage the skin and muscle sensations of the low back, the posterior branch of the spinal nerve also sends inward to distribute and manage the sensory afferents to the soft tissues of the intervertebral disc fibrous ring, vertebral body, and spinal canal above and below a total of 3 segments. The cause of new low back pain after minimally invasive lumbar disc treatment is related to the stimulation of the fibrous annulus and the surrounding sinus nerve. 1, intervertebral disc fiber ring, end plate, adjacent vertebral body and spinal canal are distributed with sinus vertebral nerve. When edema, inflammation, ischemia, and compression occur in the fibrous ring or surrounding tissue granulation, inflammation, or scarring, they will stimulate the sinus nerve endings to manifest as low back pain; 2. The nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc has no nerves or blood vessels, so it will not be painful and cannot repair itself after damage. The nucleus pulposus is a residue of the spinal cord from the embryonic period because it is surrounded by a fibrous ring and is not recognized by the immune system. Only the annulus fibrosus surrounding the nucleus pulposus has small blood vessels, as well as endochondral vessels connected to the vertebral body through the cartilage endplates above and below the nucleus pulposus, and the nucleus pulposus depends on the cartilage endplates for semi-permeable access for nutrition and metabolism. Minimally invasive treatment that injures the annulus fibrosus or endplate or a possible local hematoma will trigger an active attack by the body’s autoimmune system and local inflammatory edema will occur. Inflammation of the annulus fibrosus or endplate will extend into the vertebral body or spinal canal and its surrounding soft tissues, stimulating sinus vertebral nerve endings and developing low back pain. In case of infection, the inflammation or even abscess of the vertebral body adjacent to the cartilage end plate will be triggered first, at which time any lumbar spine load extrusion stimulation will occur severe low back pain. 3. The posterior side of the vascular ring is adjacent to the posterior lumbosacral spinal nerve roots, posterior root nodes, and motor roots. The posterior sensory nerve roots are sensitive to inflammatory stimuli first leg pain or skin numbness, while the motor roots show muscle weakness when compressed to significant ischemia. The posterior lateral aspect of the disc is crossed by the spinal nerve outlet roots, and the anterior lateral aspect has a sympathetic ganglion attached to it. Patients may also report leg pain or hot and cold abnormalities when there is a lesion on the lateral or anterior aspect of the disc. Therefore, the first thing to suspect in new low back pain after LDH minimally invasive surgery is intervertebral spondylitis. Typical posterior intervertebral spondylitis in LDH is sudden onset of low back pain on postoperative day 3-7, aggravated by activity, i.e., painful waking up and turning, and the most important sign is snap pain in the treated lumbar segment. Low back pain symptoms can last 30-100 days, and patients have elevated blood sedimentation or C-reactive protein. Bacterial infection may be accompanied by fever and elevated white blood cells or neutrophils. Occasionally, progressively worsening low back pain is seen only 7 to 21 days after surgery, and blood tests may be essentially normal. MRI intensification may show focal inflammation of the fibrous ring or cartilage or vertebrae connected to the treated intervertebral space.