Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a sudden increase in intra-abdominal pressure, such as coughing, sneezing, laughing or the involuntary discharge of urine during physical activity, which often brings a series of social and mental distress to patients and is a common disease in older women. The incidence of postmenopausal women is 17.1%, accounting for more than 50% of the overall incidence of urinary incontinence. It is not a direct threat to the patient’s life, but it reduces the quality of life of the patient. The causes of female stress incontinence are alterations in the anatomical structure and position of the pelvic floor, i.e. functional defects of the internal sphincter and high mobility of the urethra. In terms of age, young patients and young adults are more likely to have congenital dysplasia of the pelvic floor; middle-aged patients are more likely to have pelvic floor and vaginal muscle relaxation due to malnutrition, weakening from disease or multiple deliveries; and elderly patients are more likely to have pelvic floor muscle atrophy due to estrogen depression. Patients with female stress urinary incontinence often have serious complications such as bladder bulge, vaginal and uterine prolapse. Tension-free urethral suspension is currently a new class of minimally invasive surgical procedure for the treatment of female SUI. The transvaginal tension-free suspension (TVT) is the most representative procedure, in which the urethra is lifted from the anterior vaginal wall under the mucous membrane equivalent to the mid-urethra by means of a polypropylene sling to strengthen the mid-urethral sphincter, and is currently the main treatment for female stress urinary incontinence. The TVT-O is an improved method that is more minimally invasive, easier and safer. Post-operative health guidance: to strengthen the functional exercise of the pelvic floor muscle. Pelvic floor muscle exercise can enhance the contraction of the pelvic floor muscles, thus improving the function of the urethral sphincter. The exercise method is to consciously contract the rectal and perineal muscles. Focus your attention on the bottom of the pelvis, contract the pelvic floor muscles, and then relax, repeatedly 20 to 30 times, three times a day. Also pay attention to try to urinate after the bladder is full in order to maximize the bladder capacity. Avoid prolonged squatting, prolonged standing, strenuous exercise, heavy lifting and sexual intercourse for at least 1 month after surgery. Eat more easily digestible food rich in protein, vitamins and fiber to prevent constipation and to avoid excessive pressure on the pelvic floor tissues.