Do patients with low back and leg pain necessarily have a herniated disc? The answer is no. Many patients visit the doctor with low back pain, but as a doctor, there are many causes of low back pain such as degenerative low back pain, inflammation, tumor, discogenic low back pain, hip disease, urologic disease, pelvic disease, neurological disease, etc. Low back pain: the main symptom of patients with lumbar disc herniation: Low back pain with or without radiating pain on one or both lower limbs is the main symptom of the disease. The pain has the following characteristics: radiating pain is transmitted along the sciatic nerve and goes straight to the lateral calf, dorsum of the foot or toes; coughing, sneezing and defecation can aggravate the lumbago and radiating pain; the pain increases with activity and decreases after rest. Other symptoms may include: scoliosis deformity, limitation of lumbar spine movement, lumbar pressure pain with radiating pain, and muscle atrophy in severe cases of nerve compression. If the protrusion is large or central, there may be a numb area, which may include the buttocks, lateral femur, calf and foot. If the compression is severe, there may be loss of control of urination, wet pants and bedwetting, constipation, sexual dysfunction, and even partial or major paralysis of both lower extremities. What kind of examination is good for patients with back and leg pain who suspect lumbar disc herniation? Objectively speaking, each test has its own specific role, advantages and limitations. However, there are many causes of low back and leg pain that need to be further identified by physical examination or imaging. If a patient with lumbar disc herniation is favored by general examination, an MRI can be performed directly. Low back pain: treatment of herniated discs Herniated discs are clinical symptoms resulting from nerve compression by herniated discs in the degenerative process of the body. Most patients can have their clinical pain symptoms relieved with conservative treatment (e.g. bed rest), and interventional and surgical treatment is advocated only when conservative treatment is ineffective. Human age is increasing, and the degeneration of the human body shows a tendency to become heavier and heavier. Degeneration and aging are eternal in the life cycle. Do not pursue complete treatment and one-step therapy. A herniated disc is not a tumor lesion, and it is only tumor lesions that are treated completely and in one step. The first principle in the choice of treatment is the principle of ladder treatment, which is to try to use less invasive methods of treatment according to different ages and different degrees of herniation and degeneration. The second is the principle of minimally invasive treatment, which is the principle of using the least invasive method possible without affecting the efficacy of the treatment. Low back pain: what are the conservative treatment modalities for disc herniation? The purpose and role of conservative treatment is: to accelerate the decreasing inflammatory edema of the lumbar disc herniation lesion and the irritated nerve root, thus reducing or relieving its irritation and compression of the nerve root and relieving the symptoms. It is mainly applied to: 1. those who are young, have the first attack or have a short course of disease; 2. those whose symptoms can be relieved by themselves after rest. Common conservative treatment modalities include: absolute bed rest (most important); traction, but some of them may aggravate the discomfort at the initial stage of traction, so it should be correctly understood; local physical therapy and hot compress, manual massage, acupuncture; epidural closure or sacral canal treatment; internal dorsal extension muscle exercise during the recovery period, avoid physical labor and auxiliary medicine: anti-inflammatory and analgesic, neurotrophic drugs, blood-activating Chinese medicine, etc. About 80 to 90% of patients can be relieved or cured by conservative treatment. Back and leg pain: what are the interventional treatment modalities for herniated disc? 1. percutaneous intervertebral disc ozone ablation; 2. percutaneous disc removal.