Primitive neuroectodermal tumor, a highly malignant central nervous system tumor, manifests as headache symptoms due to increased intracranial pressure mainly through invasive growth and metastasis in the cerebrospinal fluid, and has a very poor prognosis. The shortest survival time of patients is <3 months, and some patients' survival time can exceed 5 years. The survival time of patients is usually within 3-5 years, during which death may be caused by various factors. Treatment of primitive neuroectodermal tumors is mainly through surgery combined with radiotherapy. The prognosis is very poor and requires aggressive symptomatic treatment, which can be done by using cranial pressure-lowering mannitol to improve the cranial pressure and thus the symptoms.