Lesions of the lumbar discs can lead to lumbar disc herniation, secondary lumbar spinal stenosis, and Hümmer’s nodes. Lumbar disc herniation caused by lumbar disc herniation generally manifests as localized pronounced lumbar pain as well as paravertebral pressure pain and percussion pain, and in severe cases, it can be accompanied by radiating pain radiating to both lower limbs. It can also be accompanied by sciatica, which mainly manifests as sensory hypersensitivity or dullness and numbness in the buttocks, posterior femur, posterior knee joint, as well as the calf and dorsalis pedis, and reduced muscle strength of the lower extremities. Secondary spinal stenosis caused by lumbar disc pathology is not only associated with general low back pain and sciatica, but also with intermittent claudication of the lower extremities. In addition, herniated discs that protrude upward or downward can cause a Hirschsprung’s nodule, which in most cases is asymptomatic, but in some patients can produce discogenic pain.