Recently, the north and south of China have entered the cold season, with the north being covered in silver and the south being rainy at times. The number of patients with respiratory diseases has also increased sharply in hospitals around the country. Inhalation therapy for asthma is a method of preventing and relieving symptoms by inhaling glucocorticoids, β2 agonists, anticholinergics and sodium cromoglycate into aerosol pellets or dry powder pellets into the respiratory tract by means of aerosol or dry powder. Inhalation therapy has obvious superiority over other routes of drug administration such as oral, intramuscular and intravenous administration. However, the correct method of inhalation directly affects the clinical efficacy, so clinicians must teach patients and their families to master the correct method of inhalation. There are still some problems in inhalation therapy: one of them is that patients are not familiar with inhalation techniques. Inhalation therapy is different from oral therapy and requires certain inhalation techniques to be mastered. According to the data reported abroad on the return visit of inhalation aerosol, only 1/3-1/2 of the patients were able to master the inhalation technique, so it is very important for the family members of asthma patients to verify the medication after using inhalation therapy. The second is the inability to maintain long-term adherence. Inhalation therapy drugs work quickly and symptoms can be relieved quickly, so many patients think they have achieved the effect and stop using them. In fact, the lung function and underlying airway inflammation are not completely relieved after short-term treatment with regular medications, so if the dosage is reduced or even stopped too quickly, the disease will often drag on for a long time and recurrent symptoms will occur. Therefore, the correct approach is to carry out a comprehensive assessment every 3 months as the disease improves, and only after the disease is indeed effectively controlled can the dosage be gradually reduced, rather than discontinued. In general, moderate to severe asthma requires 1-3 years of medication adherence. For elderly and pediatric asthma patients, individualized and differentiated treatment is required. Special attention should be paid to the fact that asthma patients should closely observe their condition after stopping medication and closely watch for signs of re-exacerbation after stopping medication, including understanding and recognizing early signs of asthma such as nasal congestion, runny nose, cough, etc. Inhalation therapy should be resumed immediately when early signs of a mild asthma attack are detected to prevent the development of the disease. Inhalation techniques for fixed-dose aerosols (MDI) Currently, the main domestic MDI formulations are rapid-acting bronchodilators (e.g. salbutamol), anticholinergic-type bronchodilators (e.g. ipratropium bromide) and glucocorticoids (e.g. beclomethasone propionate). When using, first open the lid of the drug device, shake the canister several times, hold the MDI in an upright position, hold the nozzle in your mouth, pay attention to your teeth and tongue not to block the nozzle, press with your finger while inhaling slowly and deeply, hold the breath-holding action for more than 10 seconds and then exhale slowly. For the elderly or young children who cannot synchronize inhalation and inhalation and have difficulty in maintaining effective breath-holding action, a fog storage canister can be installed on the nozzle, and the patient can breathe naturally for about 30 seconds by covering the mouth and nose with a mouthful of bite or by using an oral and nasal mask and pressing the aerosol so that the sprayed drug mist is stored in the canister. Usually a bronchodilator (salbutamol and/or ipratropium bromide) is administered first, and after waiting 3-5 minutes, the glucocorticoid is inhaled, as above, 2-3 times a day. Patients treated by inhalation using a storage fog canister + oral and nasal masks should rinse their mouths and wipe their faces after inhalation treatment to remove any residual drug on the skin surface. Dry powder inhalation (DPI) inhalation techniques There are several types of DPI available on the domestic market, and the shape of their devices and the steps for their use vary depending on the manufacturer, but what is the same is the inhalation technique. That is, when the drug device is in the state of inhalation, the patient should hold the nozzle in the mouth and make a lip contraction inhalation action, the strength and amplitude of inhalation should not be too large; the force of sucking action (such as drinking through a straw) should be avoided, because at this time the oral space is sharply reduced, the inhaled drug particles may be gathered and adsorbed on the oral mucosa, and not into the airway, thus failing to achieve the desired therapeutic effect. Nebulized inhalation (NEB) techniques nebulized inhalation uses ultrasonic cavitation, high-speed airflow impact effect, so that the drug liquid in the gas phase to disperse into aerosol particles (aerosol), and let the patient actively inhaled a treatment method. Nebulizer therapy requires small (about 3-5μm in diameter) and uniform droplet particles so that the inhalation can reach deep into the fine bronchi and alveoli and play the corresponding role. Nebulized inhalation is especially suitable for children and the elderly, with fewer requirements for the patient’s breathing pattern, more types of drugs available, and significantly more types of diseases applicable than MDI and DPI. Tips for nebulized inhalation therapy include: 1. Try to perform nebulized therapy in a sitting position, and those who are bedridden for a long time can adopt a semi-recumbent position. 2, patients holding a nebulizer or wearing a mouth and nose mask, do slow deep breathing action, so that the drug fully reach the bronchi and lungs, inhalation and then hold the breath for 1-2 seconds, then the effect is better. 3, nebulizer treatment, if the patient feels fatigue, can pause to rest for a moment and then inhale until the drug is finished. Generally 10-15 minutes will be 5ml of the drug nebulized inhalation. 4, after using the nasal mask nebulizer inhalation treatment, you should rinse your mouth and wipe your face in time to remove the residual drug on the skin surface.