The key to finding the most important factor in the treatment of the disease among many other factors is the practice of the basic skills of disease diagnosis. The key is to grasp the symptoms of the disease, the evolution of the medical history, the details, the past history, the careful examination of the body, the presence of clear signs of nerve root localization, and the consistency of imaging and pathological anatomy. Once the target point is found, effective and targeted treatment can be administered. Treatment modalities include: nerve root closure, discography, provocation testing, lateral microscopic disc nucleus pulposus removal, MED, Quadrant decompression, percutaneous pedicle screw fixation, open surgery, P-TILF decompression, intervertebral implant fusion, and non-fusion intervertebral fixation. The goal is to identify the target of treatment and select different treatment modalities for different etiologies with the goal of minimal trauma and maximum efficacy.