Thyroid cyst puncture and aspiration allows the cyst to shrink and become necrotic and is less invasive. Thyroid cysts are cystic swellings containing liquid or semi-solid material that occur in the thyroid gland, and are generally benign; cyst aspiration is a treatment for thyroid cysts that is guided by ultrasound, and is able to draw out the contents of the cysts, resulting in atrophy and necrosis of the cysts, as well as being easy and less traumatizing to perform. However, thyroid cyst aspiration has the disadvantage that it is prone to recurrence, and after recurrence, repeat aspiration may be considered. Patients with thyroid cysts that require puncture aspiration should actively cooperate with the doctor’s procedure.