1, renal (1) renal parenchymal hypertension Etiology because of primary or secondary renal parenchymal lesions, is one of the most common secondary hypertension, its elevated blood pressure is often refractory, is the main cause of acute hypertension in adolescents; common renal parenchymal diseases include acute and chronic glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney; chronic tubular-interstitial lesions (chronic pyelonephritis, obstructive nephropathy); metabolic disease kidney damage (gouty nephropathy, diabetic nephropathy); systemic or connective tissue disease kidney damage (lupus nephritis, scleroderma); kidney tumor (reninoma), etc. Huang Wenxin, Cardiovascular Department, Anqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2) Vascular hypertension – renal artery stenosis Narrowing of the main trunk or branches of the renal artery leads to ischemia in the affected kidney and a marked increase in the activity of the renin angiotensin system, causing hypertension and reduced function of the affected kidney. Renal artery stenosis is one of the important causes of hypertension and/or renal insufficiency, with a prevalence of 1% to 3% of the hypertensive population. Currently, atherosclerosis is the most common cause of renal artery stenosis in China, estimated to be about 70%, followed by aortitis (about 25%) and fibromuscular dysplasia (about 5%). 2, endocrine (1) primary aldosteronism (proaldosteronism) is a clinical syndrome in which the adrenal glands autonomously secrete excessive aldosterone, resulting in water and sodium retention, hypertension, hypokalemia and suppressed plasma renin activity. (2) Pheochromocytoma can originate from chromophobic tissue in the adrenal medulla, sympathetic ganglion or other sites, causing persistent or paroxysmal hypertension and multiple organ dysfunction and metabolic disorders due to excessive secretion of catecholamines. （The former includes pituitary ACTH tumors or ACTH cell hyperplasia (i.e., Cushing’s disease), extra-pituitary tumors that secrete ACTH (i.e., ectopic ACTH syndrome); the latter includes adrenal adenomas, adenocarcinomas, or macronodular hyperplasia that secrete cortisol autonomously. (4) Acromegaly is caused by pituitary tumors that cause excessive secretion of growth hormone from the anterior lobe, resulting in water and sodium retention and elevated blood pressure. 3.Other (1) Aortic constriction It is a rare disease, including congenital aortic constriction and acquired aortic stenosis. Congenital aortic stenosis manifests as limited stenosis or atresia of the aorta, often near the opening of the original ductus arteriosus in the aortic isthmus, and may occur in other locations of the aorta; acquired aortic stenosis mainly includes aortic stenosis caused by aortitis, atherosclerosis and aortic dissection. (2) Obstructive sleep apnea hypoventilation syndrome is a condition in which the airway is blocked by collapsed muscles in the pharynx during sleep. (3) True erythrocytosis is a myeloproliferative disorder due to an abnormal proliferation of red blood cells of unknown origin; (4) Pharmacologic hypertension is an increase in blood pressure caused by the interaction between a regular dose of the drug itself or the drug and other drugs. (5) Monogenic genetic diseases such as glucocorticoid treatable aldosteronism, Liddle syndrome, Gordon syndrome.