The primitive trigeminal artery is a malformation of vascular development and is an abnormality of vascular development in the embryonic period. The primitive trigeminal artery is mainly located at the base of the skull and anastomoses with the blood vessels at the base of the skull during embryonic life to supply blood to the developing brain tissues. As embryonic development progresses, the primitive trigeminal artery gradually atrophies and degenerates, and its function is replaced by the posterior communicating arteries and vertebral arteries, which form the anatomical ring of arteries at the base of the skull. If the primitive trigeminal artery does not completely degenerate and remains anastomosed to the skull base arterial ring, it is clinically referred to as the primitive trigeminal artery. There are three forms of vascular malformations. The normal cerebral arterial ring is supplied by the internal carotid artery and the vertebrobasilar artery system, and the occurrence of the primitive trigeminal artery increases the blood-supplying arteries to the cerebral arterial ring, which can lead to hemodynamic changes, and the increase in the intravascular pressure at the base of the skull can lead to the phenomenon of vertebral artery blood-stealing, which manifests itself in the form of dizziness, headache, and the susceptibility to aneurysm, which can lead to cerebrovascular accidents.