Cancer is now recognized as a psychosomatic disease. Psychosocial factors play a part in the development of cancer. As early as the second century AD, Galen observed that depressed women were more likely to develop breast cancer than cheerful ones. In many subsequent studies, the psychological characteristics of cancer patients include: “slow reaction, little expression of emotion, and coldness with parents”; “depression and smoking predispose to lung cancer”; “breast cancer patients often have difficulty in controlling their anger and it is repressed”; and “the psychosocial factors play a role in the development of cancer. The patient’s anger is often uncontrollable and suppressed”; “loneliness, helplessness and emotional sadness such as despair can lead to the development of leukemia and Hodgkin’s disease”. Mental health of tumor patients: More than 90% of tumor patients will have different degrees of anxiety, depression, fear and other psychological problems. “I feel that people around me are talking about me, laughing at me, looking down on me and disliking me”, “I don’t want to meet with others”, “I feel depressed and can’t sleep” …… malignant tumor is a kind of common disease and multi-morbidity that threatens human health and life, with high incidence, long treatment time, high cost and poor efficacy, etc. It will give patients great mental pressure, which not only destroys the normal function of the body, but also can cause the change of body image and the conversion of patients’ roles in the family, which aggravates patients’ Fear, doubt, depression, despair and other emotional reactions, and even pessimism and disappointment, refusing treatment. In response to this situation, our medical and nursing staff patients and family members should take different psychological guidance work according to the patients’ culture and cognitive quality, and provide psychological education and treatment to the patients to achieve the treatment method of stabilizing emotion, improving symptoms, adapting to the environment and promoting comprehensive recovery, so that they can establish confidence to overcome tumor, actively cooperate with various treatments and improve the quality of survival. 1. Analysis of psychological characteristics of tumor patients: (1) Doubt and denial period: Patients suddenly learn that they are diagnosed with cancer and try to achieve psychological balance by denial, suspecting that doctors’ diagnosis is wrong or errors in examination. Fear is a common psychological response to malignant tumors. Literature reports: common fears of malignant tumors include fear of unknown disease, fear of loneliness, fear of pain, fear of separation from loved ones, these psychological factors often make patients have negative emotions. Most patients will have a period of shock when they learn of cancer, during this period patients will strongly deny the diagnosis of cancer, such as: suspecting that the diagnosis report is wrong, etc. At this time, it is not necessary to treat patients to prematurely force their When the patient gradually accepts this reality, he will fall into extreme pain and despair, at this time, it is more necessary for us doctors and relatives to be considerate and caring, to exchange ideas with the patient, to cite cases of cured tumor patients, and also to let patients who are cured and improved talk about their personal experience, so as to This is the key to success or failure of treatment. This is the key to success or failure of treatment! (2) Anger venting period: After denial, patients often have strong anger and grief. Once the diagnosis of cancer is confirmed, patients will immediately feel infinite anger and injustice towards everything in the world, and feel abandoned by life and loved ones. The patient will take out this anger to the people around him/her. For example, the patient often shows anger and jealousy for various reasons, often quarrels with relatives and medical staff, and feels that everything is not as good as it should be, and that everyone has wronged him and wronged him. At the same time, he is afraid that people around him will abandon him. Performance of these psychological behavior, such as: loud, a hundred reports of anger, indignation, such emotions continue to fluctuate, will consume the patient’s energy to overcome the disease and normal life. At this time, we should take a tolerant and forgiving attitude towards the patient, communicate with the patient in language and body language, give spiritual support, be patient, careful and loving, so that they can treat the disease correctly, improve the awareness of family participation, and do a good job of mobilizing the family is a key step in reversing the pessimistic psychology of the patient. (3) Sadness and depression period: When patients think of their unfinished work and career, the lives of their relatives and children, their future and everything at home that they cannot take care of during the treatment or recuperation process, they will feel unspeakable pain and sadness from deep inside. The pain and uncomfortable medication will further turn into despair and lead to the idea of a lighter life. This period is crucial, and doctors and family members should cooperate to provide ideological guidance. (4) Emotional sublimation period: There are also many cancer patients who have multiple psychological contradictions, but eventually can realize that reality is unchangeable and fear of death is useless, but can face reality with a calm mood, live a fuller and more valuable life, and realize their wishes and ideals in a short and limited time, which is sublimation, sublimation into positive psychological preventive reaction, and patients turn negative psychology into positive effect to bring the psyche into balance through vicarious compensation. Under the positive psychological state, the patient will not only be psychologically balanced, but also the physical state will develop in a good way with the change of psychological state. 2. Psychological changes and nursing in tumor treatment stage: (1) Nursing before and after surgery: In the treatment stage, malignant tumor patients suffer from the double mental pressure of cancer diagnosis and treatment, and the wide range of surgical resection often affects the normal function of the organism and the organ where the tumor is located. Patients should deeply understand the psychological changes of patients, patiently explain the necessity of surgery before surgery, carefully prepare for surgery, clearly answer the questions raised by patients, never speak negative language to aggravate the psychological burden of patients, and obtain the trust, confidence and cooperation of patients with their own skillful techniques. After the operation, we will help the patient to rebuild the function of the body, give good dietary guidance, ask the patient to eat more protein, low animal fat, easy to digest food, and regular follow-up. (2) Psychological care for chemotherapy and radiotherapy patients: Due to the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy drugs, clinical reactions and damage to tissues and organs are often accompanied by different degrees of adverse effects. Therefore, before the treatment, we should do a good job in explaining the work, so that patients can understand the role of treatment, brief steps, possible side effects and matters that need to be cooperated with, which is a part of psychological care for malignant tumors that cannot be ignored. After the treatment is over, timely resumption of part of the work can make the patients appreciate their value and role in the society, so as to re-energize. 3. Psychological changes and care in advanced stage of disease: With the gradual decline of body function, patients with advanced malignant tumor may show weakness, pain, anorexia, etc., which may cause great pain to patients. At this time, patients should be encouraged to get up and move around as much as possible under the condition, and not to stay in bed early, which can delay the decline of body function, and also can make patients increase their confidence from self-care, meanwhile, we should take the initiative to solve the needs of patients. There are many factors affecting the quality of survival of tumor patients, and their psychological factors have a significant impact on patients, because of their complex psychological state, a variety of psychological will arise during the treatment process, nursing staff should use a warm attitude, kind language, good service, to give comfort and guidance to patients, establish a good nurse-patient relationship with them, create a warm, comfortable, quiet and elegant living environment for patients, keep A good living environment is conducive to the physical and mental health of patients and enhances the effect of psychotherapy, so that patients can actively cooperate with treatment in a relaxed and pleasant atmosphere and achieve the ideal treatment purpose. full of emotion to infect the patient, careful care and superb technology can eliminate the patient’s mental pain. 4, unlock their own heart, the patient’s psychological self-therapy is very necessary: to overcome emotions with emotions type of psychotherapy: this method originated from the “Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine” said “anger hurts the liver, sadness is better than anger”, “happiness is sad, fear is better than happiness”, “thinking hurts the spleen, anger is better than thinking”, “anger is better than thinking”. anger is better than thought”, “worry hurts the lungs, joy is better than worry”, “fear hurts the kidneys, thought is better than fear”. Practice has proved that the emotion causes disease, and treatment according to this psychological treatment method is effective to a certain extent. Imagination: During radiotherapy, imagine that the radiation is killing the cancer cells in your body; when you are fine, imagine that your whole body is smooth and normal. Confidence: Believe that modern medical technology can completely cure your disease, so that your mood and attitude towards life will become positive and your immunity will be enhanced. Exercise: Go outdoors to participate in some of your favorite recreational activities, such as fishing, chess, dancing, etc., which will not only exercise your body but also make you feel good. Venting: more chatting with people, communication, exchange of experience, etc., in the heart-to-heart, open and honest talk to reduce the burden of thought, release depression, eliminate concerns. “Confidence therapy is most important.” Scientific research has proven that once a person’s potential is stimulated, it can produce unexpected gains and even miracles. Confidence can then stimulate this potential. So as long as the patient gets rid of the bad mood as soon as possible, determined to tenaciously overcome the disease, I believe there will be miracles. 5.Family members of patients should also regulate their own emotions: In the face of cancer patients, family members should try to stabilize their emotions and create a quiet and positive recuperation and treatment environment for them, and also pay attention to regulating their own emotions. First of all, do not be overly sad and sorrowful. Relatives should have sufficient tolerance to face the pain and changes in the condition of cancer patients, and try to self-adjust their psychology to free themselves from worries and grief as soon as possible. Secondly, they should not be afraid of the patient’s condition. The symptoms of cancer patients often make their relatives fearful, and some of them even worry that they will also suffer from cancer and seek medical consultation in all directions for this reason. In fact, there are many factors that cause cancer, such as mental and psychological factors, immune function, bad living habits and environmental pollution, so there is no need to worry about it. On the contrary, if you are nervous and fearful for a long time, you will also disrupt your endocrine function and lower your immune function, which will also cause harm to your psychological condition. The last thing is to avoid boredom. Long-term patient service, inevitably generate boredom, if coupled with the resulting impact on work and financial constraints, some family members will have serious psychological disorders, it is necessary to properly regulate. As the old saying goes, “The way is simple. So should be the way of medicine. The disease is born from the heart: for cancer patients, can the disease really arise for no reason? There is absolutely no such thing as “suddenly getting sick after a good time”. All diseases are different from one person to another, and there are many variations. No two people, even twins, have ever had the exact same disease. Therefore, if you are not a desperate person and your faith is not extinguished in your heart, you will not go to the end of the road even if you have a terminal illness. Life expectancy is something you have to work for and earn, and it is impossible to get it without effort. If a person really wants to live, even if he has a terminal illness, he will not die. A person who really does not want to live, even if it is as mild as a mosquito bite, will surely die. In the case of a patient, when we can’t change our illness. At least we can change our heart, so that our heart becomes healthier and healthier, and thus change our fate and luck. So even if you have a terminal illness, you still don’t have to push yourself to a desperate path. Because, only our own heart is the real key to life and death. No matter how desperate one is, one cannot let oneself give up on oneself. In the case of healers. We have no reason to pronounce a death sentence on a patient. If the healer’s heart dies for the patient, the patient’s heart has no place to rest and dies with him, and eventually the patient will have to die. If the doctor treats the patient with honesty, and even gives his best, and the patient is honest with the doctor, there will be less regret and more life.