Common diuretics are divided into the following three types: 1. high efficiency diuretics: the representative drug is furosemide, which is a high efficiency, fast-acting diuretic, and its mechanism of action is relatively fast. 2. medium-acting diuretics: the representative drug is hydrochlorothiazide, which is currently a medium-acting diuretic, mainly acting on the distal tubules of the kidney, with general diuretic efficacy, and can be used as a first-line antihypertensive drug, and can also treat uremia. 3. Low-potency diuretics: The representative drug is spironolactone, which has the effect of potassium preservation and sodium excretion, and is often used in combination with potassium excretion diuretics to avoid adverse reactions caused by low blood potassium in the process of potassium excretion. The different effects on potassium ions are divided into the following two categories: 1) potassium-removing diuretics, such as furosemide, and 2) potassium-preserving diuretics, such as spironolactone.