Lumbar disc herniation can present with symptoms such as low back pain, sciatica, pain in the groin area or inner thighs, pain in the tailbone, and numbness in the limbs. Nucleus pulposus or prolapse protruding to the anterior and posterior, free disc tissue compression of the cauda equina nerve can appear after the cauda equina syndrome, which can mainly appear as dysuria, perineum (mostly numbness and weakness manifestation) and perianal sensory abnormalities. In severe cases, there may be incomplete paralysis of both lower limbs, acute urinary retention and inability to control bowel movements. In central lumbar disc herniation, the spinal cord in the spinal canal is compressed for a long period of time, and sensory abnormalities in the saddle area may occur, causing the appearance of perineal pain, and the patient’s life may be affected. When lumbar disc herniation occurs, it is necessary to treat it in a timely and standardized manner so as not to cause adverse effects.