After t3n1m0 rectal cancer is treated, the five-year survival rate is about 60%, and the specific needs to be analyzed with the condition. Rectal cancer is a malignant tumor caused by heredity, gene mutation and other factors. t3n1m0 represents that the tumor penetrates into the intrinsic muscular layer and goes to the sub-plasma membrane; 1~3 regional lymph node metastasis occurs; no distant metastasis occurs, and it is the ⅢB stage in the TNM staging, i.e., the middle stage is in the late stage. If there is a chance of surgery in this period, surgical resection is feasible, and after surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are supplemented. After active treatment, patients in this period can obtain a five-year survival rate of about 60%, and if patients have a higher degree of tolerance to the treatment and a relatively better physical condition, the treatment effect will be relatively better. When rectal cancer occurs, it is recommended that patients should adjust their mindset, actively consult the doctor, and follow the doctor’s instructions for reasonable treatment to prolong the survival period and improve the quality of life.