Double lumen and single lumen stoma are two common surgical procedures used in gastrointestinal surgery for the treatment of enterostomy, the difference is actually very simple, mainly depends on whether the intestinal tube is separated or not. If the intestinal tube is not dissected, the wall of the intestinal tube is lifted out of the abdominal wall and a longitudinal dissection of the intestinal tube is performed. There are two openings in the fistula, the proximal one to help with the evacuation of stool, and the distal one to help with the evacuation of gastrointestinal mucus, and this is a double-lumen stoma. A single-lumen stoma is a dissection of the intestinal tube in the abdominal cavity, with the distal section left open in the abdominal cavity and the proximal end in the lateral abdominal wall, which has only one opening and only allows for the evacuation of feces. The two fistulas are chosen for different diseases. If the distal end has been completely resected, as in the case of the Miles procedure for rectal cancer, the proximal end is chosen for the single-lumen stoma. If the distal disease cannot be resected and the proximal bowel is carried outside the abdominal wall, a double-lumen stoma is usually performed.