Thalassemia screening is generally referred to as thalassemia screening, and at present, hospitals usually take blood tests to diagnose the disease. Thalassemia screening can be performed through red blood cell fragility test, routine blood test, genetic screening and hemoglobin electrophoresis test to detect suspected patients or gene carriers, and hospitals usually take blood tests at present. Thalassemia is a kind of congenital anemia caused by the abnormal quantity and quality of hemoglobin in red blood cells, which is a hereditary disease, and is mostly found in the southern coastal areas in China, such as the two Guangdong areas, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Zhejiang, Fujian and Taiwan. Specific examination and diagnosis should be carried out under the guidance of physicians.