Skin blemishes usually refer to discoloration, including freckles, chloasma, seborrheic keratosis, etc. They are pigment disordered skin diseases caused by many factors. Patients need to receive appropriate treatment according to the specific causes.
1. Freckles: If patients have brown dot-like pigmentation, it can be considered as freckles; this disease is mostly related to family heredity and sun exposure; patients need to avoid excessive exposure to sunlight, and in terms of treatment, patients need to choose topical medication (30%~35% trichloroacetic acid solution, 3% hydroquinone cream, etc.) and laser treatment under the guidance of doctors.
2. Chloasma: If the spots appear in forehead, cheekbones and jaws, which are characterized by yellowish-brown spots with symmetrical distribution and aggravated by sunlight, chloasma can be considered.
Patients need to avoid triggers in time, do a good job of daily sunscreen, repair the skin barrier, etc. On treatment, patients need to follow the doctor’s instructions to choose hydroquinone cream, azelaic acid, retinoic acid and other topical medications; they can also systematically take oral or injected aminomethylcyclic acid, glutathione and other medications to improve the symptoms.
3. Seborrheic keratosis: If the patient’s skin lesions are spots, flat papules or plaques of varying sizes with rough surface, it can be considered as seborrheic keratosis (also known as “age spots”), which is mostly seen in elderly people over 40 years old and is often related to skin aging and hereditary factors.
The most common treatment for such patients is cryotherapy, other treatments such as electric drying method, laser, scraping can also be used for this disease, or available 40% hydrogen peroxide solution, liquid nitrate – zinc composite solution and other drugs under the guidance of a professional doctor for treatment.
It is recommended that patients go to regular hospitals, to clarify the cause of the disease, under the guidance of professional doctors for treatment.