The sciatic nerve is the thickest nerve in the body. When pathological changes occur in bony structures, soft tissues and other structures in the course of the nerve travel, it produces a seizure of the nerve trunk and can cause pain and other symptoms. In addition, tumors, fractures, dislocation of the femoral head, surgery within the area associated with the sciatic nerve, and post-surgical scars may cause sciatic nerve entrapment and sciatica. Non-surgical treatment is the treatment of choice for sciatica. For patients in the acute phase or early onset, the first step is to remove the cause, bed rest, and elevation of the affected limb, which aims to eliminate nerve edema and relieve the pain level. The next step is to give the necessary analgesic treatment, which can be oral non-steroidal analgesic drugs, or some nerve-nourishing vitamin drugs or neurotoxic drugs (the medication should also be under the guidance of a doctor). Sciatic nerve block is also a frequently used treatment. Local pain relief solution is injected into the area where the pain is most pronounced. The formulation should depend on the patient’s condition and is usually composed of small doses of glucocorticoids, vitamin B12, lidocaine, and other drugs. Chinese herbal treatments can also relieve or reduce the level of pain and can be taken in the form of Chinese herbs and tonics to further adjust the body condition. Acupuncture is also an effective treatment that can significantly reduce the pain level. Physiotherapy can also relieve low back pain and sciatic nerve pain and reduce nerve edema. When non-surgical treatment is ineffective and a clear diagnosis is made, surgical treatment can be considered.