I. Ultra-fine gastroscope.
Ultra-fine electronic gastroscope, known as “spaghetti gastroscope”, 6mm in diameter, more than half the size of the ordinary gastroscope, as thick as the body temperature table, the use of the patient’s throat irritation is small, the comfort is greatly improved, especially for the elderly, children, sensitive people and patients with esophageal stenosis.
II. Painless gastroscopy.
Painless gastroscopy is a gastroscopy method that uses new anesthetic drugs to put patients under anesthesia within a few minutes for examination and treatment, and wakes them up soon after the examination, so that patients can really have a painless and easy examination.
Precautions
Precautions before gastroscopy.
(1) Smoking is prohibited on the first day to avoid coughing during the examination and to avoid affecting the intubation; the prohibition of smoking also reduces gastric acid secretion and facilitates the doctor’s observation.
(2) Patients should fast for at least 8 hours and abstain from water for at least 4 hours before the examination. Such as the morning examination, the previous day after dinner to fast, the same day without breakfast; such as the afternoon examination, breakfast can eat light semi-liquid food, noon fasting. Serious illness and physical weakness after fasting physical strength is difficult to support, the examination should be intravenous glucose solution before.
(3) Patients with gastric retention should fast and rehydrate for 1-3 days or suction out gastric contents before examination; elderly people, especially those with a history of coronary heart disease, hypertension and stroke, should routinely have their blood pressure measured and electrocardiogram examined, and should be examined after their condition is stabilized.
(4) Local spraying of the throat or oral administration of anesthetic expectorant 15-30 minutes before surgery to reduce intraoperative pain and drive away the foam in the stomach; intraoperative patients should do deep abdominal breathing by mouth to reduce nausea and vomiting and other symptoms.
Precautions after gastroscopy.
(1) Within 1 hour after gastroscopy, the anesthetic in the pharynx is still in effect; do not drink or eat during this period to avoid choking or aspiration pneumonia caused by accidental entry into the trachea.
(2) There may be pain or foreign body sensation in the pharynx, which can be relieved or disappeared by iodine throat tablets or grass coral tablets.
(3) Patients who have undergone biopsy should eat a semi-liquid diet on the day after the examination and avoid eating raw, cold, hard and irritating foods. Smoking, alcohol, strong tea and coffee are prohibited. If you have black stools or increased abdominal pain, you should come to the hospital immediately.
Indications and contraindications of electronic gastroscopy
Indications for general gastroscopy.
The indications are broad, and all suspected esophageal, gastric and duodenal diseases can be examined, specifically
(1) dysphagia, retrosternal pain, burning, epigastric pain, discomfort, fullness, loss of appetite of unknown origin.
(2) Upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
(3) Barium X-ray examination cannot confirm the diagnosis, suspected of mucosal lesions or tumors.
(4) Lesions requiring follow-up observation, such as: chronic atrophic gastritis, post-gastrectomy, atypical hyperplasia, etc.
(5) Observation before and after drug treatment or follow-up after surgery.
(6) Patients who need endoscopic treatment (foreign body, bleeding, stenosis dilatation, polyp removal, etc.).
Contraindications for general gastroscopy.
(1) Severe cardiopulmonary and cerebral diseases (severe hypertension, cardiac arrhythmia, heart failure, heart attack, respiratory insufficiency, asthma attack, acute phase of cerebrovascular accident).
(2) Critical state such as shock, coma, etc.
(3) Delirium, mental disorders.
(4) Acute perforation period of upper gastrointestinal tract.
(5) Severe pharyngeal disease, corrosive esophagitis, gastritis, aortic aneurysm, severe cervicothoracic and spinal deformity.
(6) Acute infectious hepatitis or gastrointestinal infectious disease withholding examination.
Contraindications to painless gastroscopy.
(1) Contraindicated for endoscopy. For example, patients with severe hypotension, COPD, sleep apnea syndrome and oxygen saturation below 90%, bradycardia, severe snoring and morbid obesity.
(2) Those who have a history of drug allergy.
(3) Poor physical condition, unable to tolerate anesthesia.
(4) Combination of diseases that can easily cause asphyxia, such as bronchitis resulting in excessive sputum, gastric retention, acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding resulting in more blood retained in the stomach.