Many people have the experience of back pain, leg pain, especially people who are older and sit in front of a computer chair all day, and many people often complain (or hear) of lumbar disc herniation, lumbar back fasciitis and other diseases, which can cause a lot of confusion – why will back pain, leg pain? How can they be treated and prevented? Unfortunately, there are few formal channels to learn the real situation of such diseases, which is the purpose of this article to let you know some useful scientific knowledge about such diseases. In a sense, the perfection of human evolution is reflected in the form and function of the “backbone”. It is well known that the embryo, like a small fish in its early stages, first differentiates the heart, brain and the general shape of the “spine”. As the child grows, stands and walks, the “spine” gradually grows into an S-shape (7 segments of the cervical spine, 12 segments of the thoracic spine, 5 segments of the lumbar spine and 1 fused segment of the sacrococcygeal spine, each segment being connected by an intervertebral disc). The S-shaped hollow “spine” provides the body with a good shock absorption and motor function foundation, and is also a channel and protective conduit for the spinal nerves. The many muscles around the “spine” are like the “flagpole ropes” that hold the spine in different directions and strengths to stabilize spinal balance and provide motor coordination (flagpole theory). Whether there is a problem with the bony structure of the “spine” or the intervertebral discs, the balance of these muscles will be altered and the corresponding musculofascia will be strained, inflamed, or the nerves will be compressed and cause pain. You may understand that holding a child for a longer time (adding extra weight, loss of balance), “spine” back muscles will be pain; a posture for a long time sitting in front of the computer (back myofascial tension, ischemia, resulting in sterile inflammation), will also be back pain; intervertebral disc aging degeneration, protrusion, lumbar spine osteophytes, but also It will compress the nerves causing back and leg pain. The “herniated disc” is nothing to worry about, at a certain age, everyone will appear, what needs attention is the “herniated disc” – is the common cause of back and leg pain. Finding the causes of back and leg pain for so many people and providing accurate positioning and minimally invasive treatment for these causes is the main focus of precision spine surgery. As a small example, many elderly people have back pain after carrying a basin of water, coughing vigorously or sitting down, have difficulty bending over, or even turning over in bed, probably due to osteoporotic vertebral fractures of the “spine. The old way is to lie in bed for 2 or 3 months, eating, drinking and sleeping in bed, very uncomfortable. In the last decade or so, the diagnosis of this disease can be clearly made by MRI and the pain can be relieved very quickly by percutaneous percutaneous vertebral body (lordosis) plasty under local anesthesia for back intervention. We are often asked how fast? As fast as sitting, standing and moving around the next day! Because this technique can cure and bond directly to the fracture, the pain relief efficiency is about 95%, which is the direct observation of nearly 200 cases in our hospital and is basically consistent with what is reported in the professional literature. When you have a spinal fracture, you fix it on and fuse it. What about a herniated disc? What about a compressed nerve? Chairman Mao told us long ago, “Where there is compression, there is a need for liberation.” With the development of surgical techniques, routine open major surgery is increasingly being replaced by precise minimally invasive lumpectomy techniques, and spine surgery is no exception. The use of minimally invasive percutaneous puncture-type techniques under X-ray and CT navigation to decompress and treat areas of nerve compression is the best interpretation of precision spine surgery. These techniques include, in a way, the old-fashioned local closure of painful points, discotomy and aspiration, laser or radiofrequency ablation, and various types of spinal endoscopic techniques, small openings, paravertebral surgery, etc. The core of so many weird and wonderful techniques is to pinpoint and deal with the “spine” where the problem is. So is there no more need for major open surgery? No. Each technique has its own advantages and limitations, and there is no one size fits all. The treatment of back and leg pain is a “step-by-step” program. The Filial Piety Scripture states clearly, “The body’s hair and skin are the parents’, and it is the beginning of filial piety to not dare to destroy them.” Doctors, I’m telling you: “You’re cutting into my spine, I’m scared, very scared!”. . Oh, to borrow someone’s “truthfulness”, the spine is densely covered with so many important nerve lines, blood vessels, operating on irregularly shaped bones or bones, doctors are also afraid of accidents, just like demining soldiers, working in the nerve lines (mines) dense place is the need for skills and courage. Therefore, for common low back pain, conservative treatment is effective in 80% of people, which includes bed rest, traction, physical therapy, sacral canal closure, and medications, and only a few people need surgery. Patients for whom conservative treatment is ineffective can be treated with minimally invasive local percutaneous puncture techniques and various types of spinal endoscopic techniques, and if that is not effective, then a “step up” to open surgery with a small opening, and if that is not effective again? The last trick is ——- conventional standard open surgery. In fact, the easiest and most practical way to find out which treatment is right for you is to let a professional spine surgeon help you choose. Prevention of spinal disorders is two words —– balance. Bones are soft (osteoporosis), muscles have to be loaded more; muscle atrophy and weakness, the spine burden to increase, the first damage, degeneration is the intervertebral disc —– “persimmon picking soft pinch”. Recommend the best prevention exercise —- swimming. Every time the torso swim in the water, are very good to enhance the spinal bone bone quality, enhance the strength of the paravertebral muscles training. Prevention of osteoporosis in the elderly is also very important because the human body often starts with bone loss in the spine, microfractures, and shortening of height, a process often accompanied by low back pain. As for how to prevent osteoporosis? “Let’s hear it next time.”