Acute leukemia is caused by genetic factors, biological factors, physical factors, chemical factors and other blood diseases. 1. Genetic factors: research has shown that the occurrence of this disease is related to certain hereditary diseases, such as Down’s syndrome, congenital immunoglobulin deficiency, congenital aplastic anemia, etc., and the chances of the patients developing acute leukemia are higher than that of normal people. 2. Biological factors: it is mainly viral infection, such as human T-cell virus type I, EB virus, etc.. Secondly, it is the abnormal immune function, which is mostly seen in some autoimmune disease patients. 3. Physical factors: mainly ionizing radiation, such as X-rays, γ-rays, etc. If the human body is exposed to high radiation for a long time, it is easy to increase the risk of acute leukemia. 4. Chemical factors: common in alcohol, smoking, benzene, ethylenediamorpholine and other substances exposure, as well as cyclophosphamide, melphalan, carmustine and other antitumor drugs alkylating agent use. 5. Other blood diseases: clinically, it is mostly seen in myelodysplastic syndrome, lymphoma, multiple myeloma and other diseases. When patients are examined with acute leukemia, they should actively cooperate with doctors for treatment and strengthen daily life management.