Plague belongs to the category A infectious diseases, natural epidemic infections caused by Yersinia pestis infection. It is prevalent mainly in the places of origin of plague epidemics, i.e., biogeographic communities formed by the interaction of plague bacterium hosts and vector organisms on the basis of a certain environment. There have been three pandemics of plague in the world, resulting in 170 million deaths. There is no cure for the infection and therefore the mortality rate is very high. It was not until the 1970s that the plague epidemic was brought under control and became epidemic. China had six pandemics from the end of the 19th century to the founding of New China, and there were plague epidemics in Inner Mongolia, Yunnan, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and the Himalayan region.