A rat bite may cause a variety of infectious diseases, each with a different incubation period. Since rats may have a variety of microorganisms in their bodies, the bite may transmit pathogens to the body, and the time of onset of the disease in the organism depends mainly on the characteristics, number, and pathogenic capacity of the pathogens. The most common disease caused by rat bites is epidemic hemorrhagic fever, caused by hantavirus infection, also known as renal syndrome hemorrhagic fever, which usually has an incubation period of 7-14 days. In addition, rat bites can also lead to plague, which is a category A infectious disease with an incubation period that may range from 2-5 days. And it can also cause rabies, typhus, leptospirosis, etc., with incubation periods varying in length. Therefore, after a patient is bitten by a mouse, he or she should immediately rinse the wound repeatedly with soapy water or hand sanitizer for more than 15 minutes and treat it with alcohol or iodophor disinfection. If there is bleeding in the wound, squeeze out as much blood as possible from the wound starting from the proximal end and seek medical attention.