The presence of multiple small retroperitoneal lymph nodes generally suggests that the patient may have enlarged retroperitoneal lymph nodes, which is related to the patient’s intra-abdominal inflammation, infection, tumor and other diseases. 1. Intra-abdominal inflammation and infection: anti-inflammatory and anti-infective treatment with drugs such as cefuroxime must be followed promptly. Lymph node swelling can be eliminated after treating intra-abdominal inflammation and infection. Multiple retroperitoneal lymph nodes are most likely caused by infection. It is common in various inflammation of peritoneal organs, such as acute enteritis, appendicitis, etc. The swelling of retroperitoneal lymph nodes can subside after active cure of the original disease. 2. Tumor lymph node metastasis: lymphoma is prone to lymphatic metastasis and cause swelling of adjacent lymph nodes, puncture biopsy can be done to clarify the nature of the disease, and then general treatment, surgery and other measures can be carried out. Multiple small retroperitoneal lymph nodes are also seen in other reasons, which should consult doctor in time and standardize treatment under professional doctor’s guidance to avoid delaying the condition.