To achieve early detection and early diagnosis of tumors, besides relying on physician’s examination and cancer prevention screening, people should understand the alarm signals of various cancers in their daily life and conduct self-examination frequently. The following are some simple self-examination methods and observation contents. If you have any discomfort, you should seek medical consultation in time. (1) Touch your neck, armpit and groin (thigh fossa) at least once a month to check whether there are enlarged lymph nodes (generally speaking, lymph nodes smaller than 0.5 cm (peanut rice size) are normal), and pay attention to the texture (hard or soft) of the enlarged lymph nodes, whether they are fixed and whether there is any pressure pain. (2) When coughing for a long period of time, attention should be paid to whether there is blood mixed with the coughing sputum, the duration of coughing, the location of chest pain, the amount of blood, and the color of the blood, etc. (3) In case of loss of appetite with wasting and epigastric pain, if accompanied by nausea and vomiting, pay attention to whether there are dark brown contents in the vomitus, whether the stool is tarry or bloody, and whether the shape of the stool has changed. (4) One week after menstruation, women should look in the mirror and observe whether there is any change in the shape of their breasts, whether the nipples are sunken, whether there is a lump in the breast by touching the fingers on the opposite side together, whether the lump is hard and mobile, whether it is adherent to the skin, whether there is an orange peel-like change in the skin on the surface of the breast, and whether there is an enlarged lymph node in the armpit on the same side of the breast with the lump. Whether there are enlarged lymph nodes in the axilla on the same side of the lump. (5) Women should observe daily or weekly whether there is bloody discharge in the leukorrhea and whether the leukorrhea has a fishy odor. (6) Observe whether there is any change in the daily bowel habits, paying special attention to the painful sensation of stool, the feeling of falling, and any change in the shape of the stool. When urinating, observe whether there is a shortening of the stroke, whether there is white discharge, whether there is hematuria, whether there is discomfort in the perineum, etc. (7) If you have a hoarse voice for a long time, look in the mirror, open your mouth wide and breathe deeply, and observe whether there are enlarged tonsils and other swellings in the throat. (8) In case of long-term fever of unknown origin, the body temperature should be measured four times a day, once in the morning, once in the middle of the day, once in the evening and once at night, for three days in a row, and records should be made. If necessary, check the blood routine and blood sedimentation, etc. (9) Men should pay attention to whether the foreskin of the penis is too long, whether there are ulcerated nodules in the urethra, and whether there are cauliflower-like swellings in the coronary sulcus of the penis that are prone to bleeding. (10) When there is pain in the extremities after strenuous activity and the activity is limited, attention should be paid to the presence of swelling in the joints of the extremities and whether the swelling can be touched under the skin. If a painless lump appears in the long bone area, go to the hospital promptly. (11) Keep an eye on the changes of moles on various parts of the body surface, and pay attention to whether they grow rapidly and break down within a short period of time. Pay attention to any chronic ulcers on the surface of the body that do not heal for a long time. It is a good idea to write down any signs and symptoms of discomfort (time, change of symptoms, etc.) in your personal health record book.