Insomnia: usually a subjective experience of unsatisfactory sleep duration and/or quality that interferes with daytime social functioning. ”Normal” sleep duration (should be differentiated by age): 1. newborns: at least 20 hours per day 2. infants: 14-15 hours per day 3. preschoolers: at least 12 hours 4. elementary school students: 10 hours 5. secondary school students: 9 hours 6. college students need 8 hours, as do adults, and older people need only 6-7 hours due to a slowed metabolism. Slow down only need 6-7 hours. However, it is not absolute, but the main reference is to determine the amount of sleep needed by the degree of wakefulness of the individual during the day: a clear mind and no sense of fatigue means that the sleep time is sufficient. Clinical manifestations of insomnia Nighttime manifestations: 1. difficulty in falling asleep: sleeping for more than 30 minutes 2. easy to wake up: waking up more than twice at night 3. early awakening: waking up early in the morning 4. dreamy: shallow sleep, rich dream experience, subjective feeling of bad sleep 5. shortened sleep time: sleeping for less than 6 hours or shorter than usual Daytime manifestations: drowsiness, listlessness, dizziness, fear of light, yawning, weakness, reduced thinking ability, etc. Decreased thinking ability, etc. Treatment of insomnia 1. Eliminate the causes: Eliminating the causes that clearly cause insomnia is the main treatment for secondary insomnia. Such as environmental factors (noise, mosquito bites, etc.), physical disease factors (snoring, etc.), drug factors (such as hormones, drugs, respiratory depressants, etc.). Sleep hygiene and cognitive-behavioral therapy, suitable for all insomnia patients. 2.Psycho-behavioral therapy: Suitable for patients with psychological factors or emotional disorders. Such as relaxation therapy. 3.Pharmacological treatment: For severe insomnia, affecting daytime work, life and mood. Sleep hygiene 1, regular life, to ensure sleep time 2, to create a good sleep environment 3, to develop good sleep habits, bedtime and wake up on time, right side lying, low pillow sleep, loose and soft pajamas 4, reduce or stop using alcohol, tobacco, tea and coffee 5, do not eat too much, too late at night 6, regular appropriate exercise and exercise 7, nap time should not exceed 30 minutes 8, before bedtime should avoid too strenuous The physical activity and brain stimulation, such as playing ball, running and watching horror movies, etc. 9, before bedtime recommended activities: hot shower for about 10-20 minutes, do relaxation training, etc. I wish you all have enough, sweet sleep and good mood every day!