The survival time of patients with neurofibromatosis cannot be specified and is determined mainly by the patient’s symptoms and malignancy. Neurofibromatosis originates from the connective tissue of the nerve lining of the peripheral nerve sheath and is a benign peripheral nerve disease, mainly due to autosomal locus deletion. There is no fixed survival time for patients with this disease. If the tumors are relatively few and mostly distributed on the surface of the body, the patient’s symptoms are mild and the development is slow, usually not life-threatening, and the patient’s life expectancy is no different from that of a normal person. If the tumor is wart-like and invades deeper parts of the tissue, leading to lesions in muscles, bones or organs, it may affect the survival time. The disease has a certain chance of malignant transformation, and the treatment effect is poor after malignant transformation, and the survival time of patients will be significantly shortened. Patients with the disease usually need to pay attention to a reasonable diet, strengthen nutrition to improve their immunity, and patients with neurological dysfunction should actively carry out rehabilitation training.