leukoaraiosis eye disease



OVERVIEW

OVERVIEW

Leukoaraiosis is a systemic, chronic, vascular inflammatory disease, often highlighted clinically by oral ulcers, genital ulcers and uveitis. Leukoaraiosis ophthalmopathy usually occurs late, occurring in only 15% of cases within one year of onset, and up to 85% within five years, of which more than 95% are bilateral, but not necessarily simultaneous.

Whether medical insurance

Yes

Department

Rheumatology, Ophthalmology

Synonyms: Behçet’s syndrome

Behçet’s syndrome

Clinical Symptoms

Periorbital pain, photophobia, episodes of conjunctivitis, loss of vision, blurred vision, and involvement of one or both eyes.

Hazards

May cause blindness, corneal ulcers, retinal vasculitis, retrobulbar optic neuritis, fundus hemorrhage, vitreous clouding, glaucoma may occur; neurologic damage may occur with impaired consciousness.

Complications

Glaucoma, cataract, etc.

Examination

Blood routine, slit lamp examination, fundus angiography.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis can be made on the basis of the patient’s medical history, periorbital pain, photophobia, episodic conjunctivitis and other symptoms combined with slit lamp examination and fundus angiography.

Treatment

Drugs should be used to control the existing symptoms and slow down the progression of the disease.

Curability

The earlier the treatment, the better the outcome.

Dietary advice

Eat more food containing vitamins, proteins and other foods that can improve one’s immunity.

Causes

Epidemiology

Immune dysfunction disease, some data believe that environmental pollution and genetic factors are related to the occurrence and development of this disease.

Etiology

The cause of the disease is unknown.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

Typical symptoms

The first symptoms are marked periorbital pain and photophobia, episodic conjunctivitis, followed by anterior chamber pus with uveitis. Iridocyclitis is common, eventually involving both eyes. Posterior ocular pathology includes choroiditis, optic neuropathy, retinal vasculitis, and vitreous lesions, all of which can progress to glaucoma and cataract.

Diagnostic basis

1. the patient has a history of leukoaraiosis. 2. the patient has periorbital pain and photophobia, episodic conjunctivitis, etc. 3. slit lamp examination and fundus angiography show ocular damage.

Treatment

Treatment guidelines

1. Apply drugs to control the existing symptoms and slow down the progression of the disease.2. If the ocular inflammation is significant and accompanied by high fever, apply adequate glucocorticosteroid therapy at an early stage, which can be done by methylprednisolone intravenous shock therapy or medium to high doses of prednisone in divided doses, and reduce the dosage when the symptoms are relieved, and need to be continued for a certain period of time.3. Apply cytotoxic drugs, such as azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, and methotrexate, orally; and apply cyclosporine A eye drops or orally.

Drug treatment

Apply glucocorticoid such as methylprednisolone shock treatment. Cytotoxic drugs such as azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate can also be used orally, in addition to the application of cyclosporine A drops or oral, the course of treatment will be long, there may be a period of intermittent, and lifelong follow-up is required for long-term observation and treatment.

Prognosis

Early treatment is more effective.

Nursing care

Daily care

Use cotton swabs to remove secretions before applying eye drops, then wash with saline before applying eye drops.

Dietary regimen

Eat foods that enhance immunity and avoid spicy and irritating foods.

Other Attention

The treatment of leukoaraiosis eye disease should be timely, and the treatment effect will be poor if the inflammation occurs without timely treatment.