Since most of the current antiviral therapy can only achieve clinical control or immune control, a satisfactory clinical cure, not to mention a complete cure, cannot be achieved yet. So, is a cure for chronic hepatitis B necessary? In other words, is there a difference in prognosis for different patients with chronic hepatitis B? The answer to this question may be provided by a review by Anna Lok, an international guideline developer for the management of chronic hepatitis B, which cites the Cho study. The study included 1378 patients with chronic hepatitis B treated initially with NA for 5 years of follow-up and 1014 patients with inactive disease as controls, and showed that among patients without cirrhosis at baseline, the 5-year incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was 7.2% in the NA-treated group and 0.2% in the control group, while among patients with cirrhosis at baseline, the 5-year incidence of HCC was 17.4 percent compared with 6 percent in the control group. This suggests that even with NA treatment to obtain SVR, the incidence of HCC is still higher than in inactive carriers. Therefore, achieving clinical control of hepatitis B treatment alone is not our goal, and long-term medication imposes a serious burden on patients and society, and we are fully justified in setting the goal of hepatitis B treatment as clinical cure.