Rectal cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in China, and many patients with low rectal cancer will be left with a colostomy in the abdominal wall after undergoing radical surgery. At present, there are nearly one million patients with stoma in China, and about 100,000 new patients with stoma are added every year. Colostomy surgery has an important role in the treatment of rectal cancer and is often essential. However, because colostomy changes the physiological process of intestinal excretion and brings many effects to patients’ spirit and daily life, colostomy becomes one of the most tangled and even painful things for many rectal cancer patients. Therefore, correct understanding of colostomy and knowledge of colostomy care is particularly important for patients and family members of colostomy. The first is psychological care. As patients themselves, they should try to come out from the shadow of the disease and have confidence in themselves. Colostomy is the price we pay to overcome the disease, and this price is very valuable. It is the colostomy that makes the success of the surgery guaranteed and makes it possible to have health again. In fact, colostomates have formed a large group in our country and the majority of them are able to live and work as healthy people. As long as we adjust our mindset, accept the reality of colostomy, and look at colostomy optimistically, we will definitely have a sunny tomorrow. As the patient’s family, especially the patient’s spouse, the role of this time is very important, from the family’s love, warmth, understanding and care for the patient is irreplaceable. Family members should understand the psychological pain and pressure caused by colostomy to patients, understand the emotional changes brought about by this pressure, give more comfort, support and encouragement to patients, maintain a good mood in front of patients, infect patients with a positive, optimistic and healthy attitude towards life, and help patients get rid of the negative effects of stoma as soon as possible. The second is the care of the skin around the colostomy. Because the skin around the colostomy has to bear the stimulation of the stoma bag and fecal and intestinal secretions, so the skin around the stoma needs special care. To promptly dump the excrement in the stoma bag to reduce the stimulation of the stoma bag on the skin such as pulling and pressing; to replace the stoma bag in a timely manner to prevent the contaminated stoma bag from contacting with the skin for a long time, especially the gap between the stoma bag and the skin is easy to accumulate dirt, and should be given timely cleaning; to detect and deal with abnormal changes in the skin in a timely manner, to constantly observe the skin around the stoma for redness, swelling, erosion, oozing and other Abnormalities, timely treatment, under the guidance of the doctor local application of drug therapy. The third is to correctly master the method of changing the stoma bag. When replacing the ostomy bag, gently and carefully remove the old ostomy bag, using cotton or clean soft cloth or soft toilet paper, gently wipe and clean the pollutants on the skin around the stoma, do not forcefully wipe, not to mention the hard texture of the paper. Allow the skin to dry and then apply skin protection products as needed. Then measure the size of the stoma and cut the opening of the adhesive plate to a suitable size, so that the edge of the opening is about 2mm from the stoma mucosa. Place the adhesive plate firmly on the skin around the stoma and make sure it is firmly attached. If you use stoma aids you should read the product instructions carefully before use, and if you use anti-leak cream you should press the sump for 15-20 minutes. Reusable stoma bag, to be cleaned in a timely manner, available neutral detergent and water to wash and dry, dry spare. The fourth is to adhere to the correct dilation. Postoperative colostomy is affected by a variety of factors such as poor healing around the stoma, poor blood flow, stoma mucosal skin suture infection, contraction of fascia or skin scar tissue, too small skin opening or opening in the muscle layer within the abdominal wall at the time of surgery, contraction of scar tissue formed in the second stage of healing, etc., which may cause stoma stenosis, manifested as small stoma skin opening, difficult finger access during finger diagnosis, and tight tissue around the intestinal tube. In addition to mastering the correct care method of related intestinal stoma, for patients who have already developed intestinal stoma stenosis, if the situation is not serious, the stoma can be dilated by finger or dilator, the specific method: slowly improve from the little finger and then apply the index finger, apply lubricant such as paraffin oil, etc. to gently enter the stoma, the finger should enter completely, touch the stoma through the abdominal wall inflection, stay for 2-5 minutes, once a day, need to be carried out for a long time, but Be careful not to damage the stoma, and if it is too narrow, do not dilate it with brute force and go to the hospital early. If the situation is serious, if there is an indication for secondary surgery, a secondary stoma treatment should be performed in a timely manner. Colostomy care is very important, and proper care can significantly reduce the various complications caused by the stoma and improve the quality of life of patients. At present, there are more and more professionally trained ostomates specializing in the guidance and service of stoma patients, and there are also some veteran patients who have received stoma surgery for several years, have good experience and experience in stoma care, have a high level of thinking, and are willing to help other stoma patients; they actively participate in helping stoma patients as “stoma visitors”. They actively participate in helping stoma patients, and they provide more valuable professional help to stoma patients. Therefore, stoma patients should be confident that with the care of society and their families, and with the help of medical staff, we will have a better life!