Migraine is a common and frequent disease, preferably occurring in women. It is characterized by recurrent, one-sided or bilateral throbbing severe headaches, mostly on the side of the head. It can be combined with autonomic nervous system dysfunction, such as nausea, vomiting, photophobia and phonophobia. Migraine attacks occur quickly, sometimes with or without an aura, such as blurred vision and head discomfort. The pain may worsen within a few minutes of the onset of the attack, and the headache may progress to a later stage where fatigue, cognitive changes, and muscle pain may occur and become unmanageable. The characteristics of migraine are not difficult to diagnose, and many patients come to the clinic with the purpose of improving their headache symptoms, but many doctors and patients do not have enough knowledge about the causes of their headaches, and do not pay enough attention to their preventive treatments, and there is an overuse of analgesics. What are the causes of migraine? There are many triggers for the onset of migraine, and if the nature of the headache that occurs in a patient is more similar to a previous headache, the greater the likelihood that the cause is not serious. If the onset of the headache is associated with hunger, mood, diet, sleep, menstrual periods, or family history, this also suggests a less serious etiology. Migraine Prevention and Control Thinking Guide Various forms of patient education should be actively pursued during treatment to understand that migraine is a currently incurable but effectively manageable disorder. Patients should maintain a healthy lifestyle and learn to look for and avoid headache triggers. Encouraging patients to keep a headache diary is important to help diagnose and evaluate the effectiveness of preventive treatments. Prevention and treatment of migraine need to pay attention to the prevention and treatment of migraine need to pay attention to the following points: 1, early treatment of acute attacks, rapid pain relief, but should not be frequent use of drugs, so as not to cause drug abuse. 2, mild and moderate pain choose ibuprofen (200~400mg once, twice a day), naproxen (500mg for the first time, 250mg once in the future, once every 6-8 hours if necessary), acetaminophen (300~600mg once, the daily dose of no more than 2,000mg), aspirin (300~600mg once) and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics ( NSAIDs). 3, when the pain is severe or the symptoms are serious, can choose the tretinoin class of drugs, such as zolmitriptan 2.5mg at a time, did not achieve satisfactory relief when a second attack can be increased to 5mg, the maximum daily dose of not more than 15mg. ergot alkaloids as a second-line choice, suitable for patients with a long time of attacks or frequent recurrence of the disease. Ergotamine caffeine, 1-2 tablets orally at one time, and then 1-2 tablets after every 0.5-1 hour when the headache does not stop, with a total of no more than 6 tablets a day for each attack; or dihydroergotamine 2mg at one time. 4. In the acute phase, attention should also be paid to relieving non-headache symptoms and restoring function, for example, if accompanied by nausea and vomiting, antiemetic and gastric stimulant medications can be used, for example, metoclopramide (5-10 mg at one time, 3 times a day), domperidone, and other medications to promote gastric motivation. (5-10mg once a day, 3 times a day), domperidone (10mg once a day, 3 times a day). 5, in order to prevent overdose headache, the use of simple NSAIDs preparation in 1 month not more than 15 days, ergot alkaloids, trichotillan, NSAIDs combination of preparations not more than 10 days. 6. Prophylactic treatment should be considered in the presence of the following conditions: recurrent headaches (≥2 per month), headaches interfering with daily life, contraindications/failures/overuse of short-acting treatments, adverse reactions to short-acting treatments, and uncommon types of migraines (e.g., hemiplegic migraines or brainstem migraines with aura). 7, the use of prophylactic drugs need to be fully communicated with the patient before use, taking into account adverse effects, other drug interactions, the number of times per day, economic circumstances. 8, drug treatment should start with a small dose of single drug, slowly increase to the appropriate dose, while paying attention to the side effects. The general observation period is 4~8 weeks, and patients need to keep a headache diary to assess the treatment effect. If the preventive treatment is ineffective and the patient has no obvious adverse reactions, the dose of the drug can be increased; otherwise, a second preventive treatment drug should be used. If several times of single-drug treatment is ineffective, only then consider combined treatment, also should start from a small dose. 9. Effective prophylaxis should be maintained for about 6 months, after which the dosage should be gradually reduced until the drug is discontinued. If attacks recur frequently, the original effective medication can be used again. 10. Hospitalization should be considered for refractory migraine attacks that are very severe and last longer than 72 hours, or for medication overuse headaches. In addition to medication, there are other alternative therapies available, including Chinese medicine, psychotherapy and physiotherapy. Overall, the prevention and treatment of migraine is complex, and even with appropriate treatment, not all patients can get satisfactory results, and the prevention and treatment process requires the joint attention and efforts of patients and medical workers.