For esophageal cancer, surgery is the first choice of treatment. The surgical resection rate of early stage esophageal cancer is 100%, and the 5-year survival rate of esophageal cancer surgery is about 90%. The survival rate of middle and late stage esophageal cancer surgery is not high in the long term, and the 5-year survival rate of esophageal cancer surgery is below 30%. Factors related to the survival rate of esophageal cancer surgery, the prognosis of esophageal cancer is that less than 5% of patients with esophageal cancer can survive for more than 5 years. Most patients die within one year after the onset of symptoms. Chemotherapy alone cannot treat esophageal cancer, what is the prognosis of esophageal cancer but radiation therapy alone or a combination of both therapies can reduce symptoms and prolong life. If possible, surgical removal of the tumor can temporarily alleviate the symptoms, but rarely can cure it. Other treatments to relieve symptoms include dilation of esophageal strictures with probes, insertion of tubes to open the esophagus, replacement of the esophagus with a segment of intestine after tumor removal, laser treatment to destroy cancerous tissues blocking the esophagus, etc. The main factors affecting the survival rate of esophageal cancer surgery are: (1) the presence or absence of lymph node metastasis; (2) the infiltration of cancer to the periphery of esophageal wall is lower than that of non-infiltration; (3) the length of tumor <3cm is better than that of tumor >3cm; (4) the resection rate decreases if the disease duration is more than one year, and the 5-year survival rate decreases if the disease duration is more than six months; (5) the positivity of stump margin cancer or not; (6) the upper and lower margins are significantly higher than that of tumor >5cm. (6) the upper and lower margins are significantly higher than those <5cm from the tumor. The postoperative survival quality and survival rate of esophageal cancer patients are very closely related, and these two indicators are subject to many factors, such as patient's physical condition, age, gender, presence of complications, disease staging, surgical method, surgical procedure, postoperative care, postoperative rehabilitation (including psychological rehabilitation), comprehensive treatment, diet and so on. In the whole postoperative survival process, each of the above factors is crucial and cannot be ignored. 1. Age and gender Young patients have higher tumor malignancy than older patients, and are prone to early metastasis, lower surgical resection rate, poorer postoperative survival quality and shorter survival period. In this group, there are more patients under 5O years old (27/67-40.3), and most of them died within 2 years after surgery, only 1 case survived to 3 years and 1O months, which is one of the factors affecting the 5-year survival rate of this group of patients. The influence of gender is not yet uniformly recognized. The social and life pressure of men and the stimulation of smoking and alcohol are important factors that reduce the immunity of the body and affect the survival of patients. 2.Psychological rehabilitation and diet regulation The right attitude to live and overcome the disease, as well as a relaxed living environment is essential for the patient's postoperative survival, while the opposite may fail or even die in depression and confusion. 3.Patients choose surgery Patients should not only have good physical quality, but also be in relatively early tumor stage, that is, with resectable tumor, TNM staging method helps us solve this problem easily. Generally speaking, only patients before T. N M , can obtain better surgical results, while some patients with T or N!(both M) can also achieve complete resection. However, postoperative results are not certain. 3 years or more survival is mostly in patients before T. N M, and rrJ or N patients are difficult to achieve better results even with postoperative radiotherapy.