Esophageal cancer is a common cancer among middle-aged and elderly people. After people pass the age of 40, the incidence rate increases significantly with age, and the peak period is from 60 to 65 years old. However, do not think that prevention of esophageal cancer is a matter for the elderly, because the latent period of cancer is as long as 10 to 20 years. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to any age group. China is the country with the highest incidence of esophageal cancer in the world. Shiyan City and surrounding areas are the high incidence area of esophageal cancer in Hubei Province, and only our hospital has 1000 patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer annually. It has been confirmed that esophageal cancer is related to esophageal injury, esophageal disease, ingestion of carcinogenic substances, malnutrition, etc.; some patients are related to family genetics, mainly paternal genetics, which can be more than 3 consecutive generations. In spite of this, human environment, living habits and lifestyle can be changed. As long as we consciously enhance immune function, reduce malignant stimulus and prevent cancer scientifically, we can take off the “champion hat” of esophageal cancer. Protecting esophagus The esophagus is the organ through which all food is eaten, and food is formed in the esophagus to enter the stomach for digestion in an orderly manner. It is important to chew and swallow slowly. Saliva is secreted by three kinds of glands, which, when fully mixed with food, can promote digestion, hydrolyze starch or maltose, etc.; dilute and dissolve food and enhance the sense of taste; mucin can lubricate food and facilitate swallowing; neutralize toxic substances and sterilize. Swallowing can damage the esophagus. Do not eat food that is too hot, too hard and irritating. Otherwise the oral, esophageal and gastric mucosa will be damaged. Stimulating foods also include strong tea, strong coffee, strong alcohol, etc. Pay attention to oral hygiene. Any lesions in the mouth are detrimental to digestion, and if there is an infection it can easily spread to the esophagus. Refuse carcinogenic food Nitrosamines are closely related to esophageal cancer, and mold can enhance the carcinogenic effect of nitrosamines. Overnight vegetables, rotten fruits, moldy grains, commercially available salted fish, salted meat and pickles, as well as fried, fried and baked foods should be prohibited. Drinking water should pay attention to the water source, and tap water should be prevented from being contaminated, otherwise it can also cause cancer. Do not smoke. Smoking can cause a wide range of cancers, and the formation of cancer can cause cancers of the digestive, respiratory and urinary tracts. No alcohol abuse. It is inevitable to drink a lot of alcohol for a long time without consuming carcinogens. Some wine contains carcinogens such as nitrosamines and aflatoxins, and indirect carcinogens such as aldehydes and alcohols. Reasonable nutrition Epidemiological investigation confirms that malnutrition is related to esophageal cancer. Lack of protein will lead to mucosal hyperplasia of esophagus, which will easily become malignant; lack of fat will hinder the absorption of essential fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins, which will affect health and lower immune function. We should eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, the former cannot replace the latter, because cooking often destroys a lot of vitamins and trace elements. To promote the drinking of tea. Green tea can prevent cancer and is beneficial to cardiovascular disease and so on. But do not advocate booze, it is best to “taste”, to a small number of effective drink in the body. When pregnancy, breastfeeding, fever, bleeding and gastrointestinal disease, then do not or cautiously drink. Drug prevention Patients suffering from esophageal cancer are often deficient in iron, molybdenum, zinc, manganese, selenium and other trace elements and vitamins A, B2 and C. Aspirin can prevent this disease, therefore, under the guidance of physicians, high-risk groups can supplement relevant trace elements, vitamins and drugs for prevention. Actively treat esophageal diseases Esophagitis, leukoplakia, polyps, diverticula, cardia incontinentia, etc. are prone to deteriorate and form cancer due to histological changes, functional variation and local stimulation. Close observation, active treatment and effective measures for prevention must be taken.