Dysmenorrhea is divided into primary and secondary, also called physiological and pathological dysmenorrhea, the latter is a disease and needs to be treated for the cause. Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common gynecological symptoms, which refers to pain and swelling in the lower abdomen with lumbago or other discomforts before and after menstruation or during menstruation, and is classified into two types: primary dysmenorrhea and secondary dysmenorrhea. 1. Primary dysmenorrhea refers to dysmenorrhea without organic lesions of the genitals, while secondary dysmenorrhea refers to dysmenorrhea caused by organic pelvic diseases. Primary dysmenorrhea is common in adolescence and often develops within 1 to 2 years after menarche, and is caused by increased endometrial prostaglandin content during menstruation. Physiologic dysmenorrhea, for the most part, resolves after childbirth. No treatment is required to address the cause, but medications may be given to relieve symptoms during dysmenorrhea. Drugs that inhibit prostaglandin synthetase, such as ibuprofen and ketoprofen, are commonly used in clinical practice. 2. Secondary dysmenorrhea refers to dysmenorrhea caused by organic pelvic pathology, which manifests itself differently depending on the type of disease. Most of them are caused by endometriosis and adenomyosis, due to the ectopic endometrium with ovarian cyclic changes and cyclic bleeding, this kind of dysmenorrhea is characterized by progressive aggravation. This kind of dysmenorrhea belongs to pathologic dysmenorrhea and needs to be treated for the cause. When dysmenorrhea occurs, especially secondary dysmenorrhea, it is necessary to go to the hospital for further examination to clarify the diagnosis and treat the symptoms.