The 3-month period following pediatric valve replacement surgery is the main phase of patient recovery. For children undergoing valve replacement, anticoagulation is generally required for 3-6 months after surgery for biologic valve replacement and for life after mechanical valve replacement. There are two main points to note after pediatric valve replacement surgery: first, the maintenance of cardiac function. The 3-month period after pediatric valve replacement surgery is the main phase of the patient’s recovery. At this time, attention should be paid to maintaining adequate rest and sufficient sleep for the child. After discharge from the hospital, drugs such as digoxin, kapton and diuretics should be taken appropriately according to medical advice. With the improvement of cardiac function, activities can be carried out appropriately, and regular review in the hospital, if the cardiac function condition is good, after six months, it can gradually return to normal activities. However, strenuous activities should still be avoided. Another important attention after pediatric valve replacement surgery is the application of anticoagulant drugs. Generally speaking, those who have biological valves need anticoagulation for only three months, while those who have mechanical valves need lifelong anticoagulation. Don’t forget to take anticoagulant medication on time, otherwise it may cause blood clots to form on the surface of the valve and dislodge the clots causing embolisms in various parts of the body, and may also cause the valve to fail to work; an overdose of anticoagulant medication may cause bleeding in various parts of the body. Parents of children must do the following requirements: 1, should be clear about the name of the drug, the dose: according to the doctor’s orders to take at the same time every day, do not change the anticoagulant varieties, dosage and time of taking drugs. 2, pediatric valve replacement surgery after discharge from the hospital in the first year to start every 1 ~ 2 weeks blood sampling prothrombin time 1 time, and then should be tested every 1 month prothrombin time, the second year can be 3 ~ 6 months to test 1 time. The prothrombin time means how long it takes for the patient’s blood to coagulate, and the result should be 1.5~2 times of normal, if it is lower than 1.5 times or higher than 2.5 times, it should increase or decrease the dose of the medicine by 1/8~1/4, and be tested again after 3 days until it is close to the requirement. 3, pediatric valve surgery parents should pay attention to certain drugs can interfere with the effect of anticoagulant therapy: phenobarbital drugs, aspirin, Pansentin, anti-inflammatory pain, chloramphenicol, neomycin and other drugs can enhance the anticoagulant effect of vitamin K and other anticoagulant drugs to weaken the anticoagulant effect. The above drugs must be applied, by the doctor’s guidance and observation of the use, and make several laboratory tests to adjust the dose of anticoagulants. 4, some diseases can affect the effect of anticoagulation therapy: hepatitis, heart failure, fever, hyperthyroidism can lead to oral anticoagulant sensitivity; diarrhea, intestinal absorption is poor, can weaken the effect of oral anticoagulants. 5, anticoagulant treatment should avoid trauma, in order to prevent hemorrhage: if there is bleeding gums, bleeding spots on the skin, etc. should be checked in time, in order to adjust the dose of medication. And during the application of anticoagulant drugs, we should closely observe the occurrence of internal bleeding, such as black stool, urine, hemoptysis, dizziness, fainting or sudden chest tightness, hemiparesis or aphasia. If there is, should immediately go to the hospital, in order to timely diagnosis, timely treatment; traumatic bleeding can be localized compression or pressure bandage. 6, other: if the patient needs to do other surgery, should consult the cardiovascular surgeon, follow the doctor’s instructions, in the postoperative 36 ~ 72 hours to restart anticoagulation therapy. Expert tips: for children with valve replacement, if the biological valve replacement, the general need for postoperative anticoagulation for 3-6 months, mechanical valve replacement surgery requires lifelong anticoagulation.