Despite the similarity of the procedures, bariatric surgery (BS) and diabetes surgery (DS) have completely different patient characteristics, surgical goals and management. Long-term comparative data between the two procedures have not yet been reported internationally. Speaking with Data A retrospective analysis of patients who underwent bariatric surgery or diabetes surgery between 2007 and 2013 was conducted at one hospital. Patients who underwent bariatric surgery were compared to those who underwent diabetic surgery. Patients who underwent reoperation were excluded. The main prognostic indicators were as follows: 1. risk of surgery; 2. weight loss; and 3. remission of diabetes. A total of 2073 patients who underwent bariatric surgery and 741 patients who underwent diabetic surgery between 2007 and 2013 were selected from both centers. Patients in the diabetic surgery group were older, more male, and had a high percentage of diabetes (100% vs. 6.0%). However, patients in both groups had similar BMI. The surgical procedures performed were significantly different between the two groups (73.3% of patients in the diabetic surgery group had gastric bypass surgery compared to only 47.1% of patients in the bariatric surgery group). Despite a similar rate of major complications (2.0% vs. 2.4%), the mortality rate was higher in the diabetic surgery group than in the bariatric surgery group (0.54% vs. 0.1%; p < 0.05). At 5-year follow-up, 58.0% of the bariatric surgery patients lost more than 30% of their postoperative weight, and 80% of the diabetic surgery patients had complete resolution of their diabetes with a glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) < 6.0%. At 5 years, the prognosis of patients in both the bariatric and diabetic surgery groups was more than 85%. The clinical profiles of bariatric surgery and diabetic surgery were completely different. Both surgeries achieved equally good surgical prognosis. However, the risk of diabetic surgery is somewhat higher than that of bariatric surgery. Many patients are keen to have gastric bypass surgery performed for them in order to achieve a better postoperative outcome. However, as a physician, it is more advisable for patients to undergo sleeve gastrectomy when the same postoperative results of weight loss and sugar reduction can be achieved. This is because it is a benign disease surgery. When the surgical results are similar, it is preferable for the patient to undergo a safer procedure with fewer side effects. This will allow patients to better enjoy their lives after weight loss. In fact, weight loss surgery just gives you a push at a critical moment. If you want to keep your body in shape in the future, you have to "keep your mouth shut and your legs open". Weight loss is for your own health, not for others to see!