The treatment of osteoarthritis can be broadly divided into three categories, including non-pharmacological treatment, pharmacological treatment and surgical treatment. I. Non-pharmacological treatment for osteoarthritis includes health education for patients, self-training, weight loss, aerobics, joint mobility training, muscle strength training, use of walking aids, wedge walking insoles for internal knee roll, occupational therapy and joint protection, aids for daily life, etc. A significant portion of patients in Europe and the United States can reduce their symptoms and return to normal life and work through the above treatments. China’s investment in this area and the concept of health care workers are still weak. Normally, attention should be paid to preventing cold and dampness and keeping the knee joint warm so that it can get good rest. After the pain is relieved, walk slowly on flat ground once or twice a day for 20-30 minutes each time. Minimize up and down steps, running and other exercises that put weight on the knee joint (this is a misconception that many people have. Many people think that they should actively exercise after the disease, run more, climb mountains, etc. This is wrong, as this will cause faster damage to the cartilage) to avoid and reduce the wear and tear of the joint cartilage, and it is best to hold the stairs or a cane when going up and down steps. Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee often have reduced muscle strength of the quadriceps (the muscle in front of the thigh), which was previously thought to be caused by disuse atrophy, but recent foreign studies have concluded that quadriceps atrophy is not entirely caused by osteoarthritis, and that reduced quadriceps muscle strength may be one of the risk factors for osteoarthritis of the knee, as a result of reduced quadriceps muscle strength, the stability of the knee joint is affected As a result, the stability of the knee joint is affected and the cushioning capacity of the normal muscles is reduced, so strengthening quadriceps muscle strength and aerobic training is beneficial for patients with osteoarthritis. The way to strengthen the quadriceps is to sit or supine, straighten the knee, tense the thigh muscles, dorsiflex the toes to the head, and tense the calf muscles, each time for three or four seconds, 10 times per minute, for three or four minutes. You can do it three or four times a day. Second, osteoarthritis drug treatment 1, sodium hyaluronate: the main component of the synovial fluid of the joint cavity, one of the components of the cartilage matrix, play a lubricating role in the joint, reduce friction between tissues, joint cavity injection can significantly improve the inflammatory response of synovial tissue, enhance the viscosity and lubricating function of the joint fluid, protect joint cartilage, promote the healing and regeneration of joint cartilage, relieve pain, increase joint Mobility. It is often injected intra-articularly, once a week for 5 weeks, and must be operated strictly aseptically. 2.Glucosamine: It is the most important monosaccharide that constitutes polyglucosamine (GS) and proteoglycan in articular cartilage matrix. Normal people can synthesize glucosamine by amination of glucose, but in osteoarthritis, glucosamine synthesis is blocked or insufficient in chondrocytes, resulting in softening of cartilage matrix and loss of elasticity, destruction of collagen fiber structure, and increase of cartilage surface lumen to make bones worn and destroyed. Glucosamine can block the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis, promote the synthesis of proteoglycans with normal structure in chondrocytes, and inhibit the production of enzymes (such as collagenase and phospholipase A2) that damage tissues and cartilage, reduce damage to chondrocytes, improve joint movement, relieve joint pain, and delay the course of osteoarthritis. Take 250-500mg orally once, 3 times a day, best taken with meals. 3, non-steroidal analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs: can inhibit the synthesis of cyclooxygenase and prostaglandin, counteract the inflammatory response, relieve joint edema and pain. You can use ibuprofen 200-400mg once, 3 times a day; or aminoglycoside zinc 200mg once, 3 times a day; nimesulide 100mg once, 2 times a day for 4-6 weeks; or celebrex, this drug has relatively minimal gastrointestinal irritation and is suitable for patients with combined gastrointestinal diseases. Third, the osteoarthritis surgery treatment osteoarthritis pain symptoms are very serious, drug treatment is ineffective, and affect the patient’s daily life, you should consider surgical intervention. For osteoarthritis of the knee, some people advocate arthroscopic arthroscopic debridement first, but this type of surgery has certain efficacy in the near future for some patients, but the long-term effect is not certain, and a few patients have pain that worsens after surgery. 2, joint replacement surgery for most patients with osteoarthritis, femoral head necrosis, rheumatoid arthritis, in the relief of pain, restoration of joint function has significant results, can be considered a radical surgery for osteoarthritis, but due to joint replacement surgery there are certain near-term and long-term complications, such as prosthesis loosening and wear, osteolysis, infection, these complications can not be completely resolved, once When they occur, they are often catastrophic for the patient. The results of joint replacement are closely related to the length of surgery, the experience of the surgeon, the preoperative physical condition of the patient, perioperative management and rehabilitation. Therefore, it is important to strictly control the surgical indications for joint replacement.