Among benign kidney tumors, renal cysts and renal malignant tumors are the most common, while malignant kidney tumors, also known as renal cancer, are mostly renal cell carcinoma. Different types of tumors are treated in different ways. 1. Renal malformation tumor is also a benign kidney tumor, also known as renal vascular smooth muscle lipoma, which mostly occurs in women. Patients with renal malformation tumor usually do not have uncomfortable symptoms, and do not need any treatment for renal malformation tumor less than 4cm. If the size of renal malformation tumor is larger than 4cm, surgical treatment is needed because the size of malformation tumor can compress normal kidney tissues and affect kidney function, and there is also a risk of bleeding when the malformation tumor is ruptured by external force. At present, minimally invasive surgery, i.e. laparoscopic enucleation of renal malformation tumor, is mostly used to treat renal malformation tumor. If the patient’s malformation tumor is particularly large or has a history of rupture and bleeding of malformation tumor, he may have to undergo nephrectomy on the affected side. 2.The size of renal cyst is usually between 1~2cm, which will not cause discomfort and will not affect the kidney function, only regular review and observation is needed. However, it is dangerous when the cyst grows gradually, especially over 5cm, because the oversized cyst may compress the surrounding kidney parenchyma and affect the kidney function. Besides the size, the location of the kidney cyst is also important, if the cyst is close to the renal pelvis, it will cause hydronephrosis. In clinical practice, doctors only use surgical treatment for renal cysts over 5cm in size or causing hydronephrosis, among which laparoscopic renal cyst de-topping and decompression surgery is the most common. This surgery is not to remove the cyst, but to remove the top of the cyst and drain the fluid in it so that the fluid will not accumulate and become a cyst. 3. The earlier the renal cell carcinoma is detected, the better. The size and stage of the tumor are closely related to its treatment plan. In principle, as long as kidney cancer is found, it needs to be removed surgically, unless it is found late, if there is extensive distant metastasis or local invasion of important organs and blood vessels, or the patient’s physical condition does not allow surgical operation, the patient can prolong life through targeted drug therapy for kidney cancer. The physical condition of each person is different and there are big differences. The specific treatment plan needs comprehensive assessment by doctors after examination before proceeding.