(i) Overview Somatoform disorder is a neurological disorder characterized by persistent fear or belief that one has this or that serious physical symptom or disease. Patients repeatedly go to the doctor because of various physical symptoms, but most of them cannot find anything wrong, even if the results of various medical tests are negative (no abnormalities) and the doctor explains to the patient that the patient is not suffering from the serious illness he/she imagined, but this still cannot dispel his/her doubts. The patient still insists on going to different hospitals and physicians for treatment, and is not willing to find out the problem. Sometimes, even if some physical problems are found, they cannot explain the nature and extent of the symptoms complained by the patient. Patients are often accompanied by anxiety or depression. Although the onset and persistence of symptoms are closely related to psychological events such as unpleasant life events, difficulties or conflicts, patients often deny the presence of psychological factors. The disease has a chronic fluctuating course, often with the central symptom of the patient’s concern being the most severe, with the original symptom reducing or disappearing when another new symptom becomes the focus of attention. For example, these months or years have been headache, treatment can not be cured, and after the stomach pain has been to see ‘stomach disease’ and headache as if well, as long as no one mentioned, often also do not need treatment, and chest tightness appeared, and often to see chest tightness, ‘stomach disease’ It is not so important, not to go to see is not so painful, and all day long worry about chest congestion, distress, patients feel that they are all ‘sick’, no one understands themselves, the general hospital treatment of various departments often can not be effective, or a little better, but not a few days of new symptoms again, sometimes known as a doctor’s professional, very painful. In fact, somatoform disorders are a group of psychological disorders, its onset, development and prognosis are neurotic personality and suspicious quality, mental stress and stimulation, involuntary excessive attention to the body and the feeling of special sensitivity closely related, but many patients tend to avoid psychological problems, unwilling to admit or simply deny their symptoms will be related to psychological factors. The main disorders in this group include: somatization disorders, hypochondriasis, somatoform autonomic disorders, and persistent somatoform pain disorders. This disorder is the least identifiable, so it is treated as a somatic disorder but with poor results in many cases, so it is described in more detail. (B) clinical manifestations 1, somatization disorder: manifested as a variety of, recurrent, often changing somatic discomfort symptoms-based neurosis. The symptoms can involve any part of the body and organs, and various medical examinations cannot confirm any organic lesion sufficient to explain the somatic symptoms, often leading to obvious social dysfunction, often accompanied by obvious anxiety and depression. It is more common in women than in men, and the duration of the disease is at least 2 years. Common symptoms can be grouped into the following categories: (1) Pain: It is a common symptom. It can involve the head, neck, chest, abdomen, extremities, etc. The location is not fixed, and the nature of pain is generally not strong and related to the emotional condition. It can occur during menstruation, sexual intercourse and urination. Exclude pain due to somatic diseases. (2) Skin symptoms: Numbness may occur in the scarred area, limbs or joints, string pain in the skin, abnormal color of the skin, itching, burning sensation, tingling, numbness and soreness. (3) Gastrointestinal symptoms: are common. It can show a variety of symptoms such as belching, acid reflux, nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, abdominal pain, constipation, and recurrent diarrhea. (4) Genitourinary system symptoms: common include frequent urination, difficulty in urination; discomfort in or around the genitals; sexual frigidity, erection or ejaculation disorders; menstrual disorders, excessive menstrual blood; abnormal vaginal discharge, etc. (5) Respiratory and circulatory system symptoms: such as shortness of breath, chest tightness, palpitations, etc. (6) Pseudo-neurological symptoms: common ones include ataxia, limb paralysis or weakness, dysphagia or pharyngeal obstruction, blindness, deafness, lack of skin sensation, convulsions, etc. 2. Hypochondria: The main manifestation is the fear or belief that one is suffering from a serious physical disease such as cancer, AIDS, heart disease, etc. The degree of concern is very disproportionate to the actual health condition. Some patients do suffer from some minor physical illnesses, but this does not explain the nature of the symptoms described by the patient, the degree or the patient’s suffering. Most patients are accompanied by anxiety and depression. Symptoms vary from patient to patient, with some presenting primarily as suspicious discomfort, often with significant anxiety and depression, and others with prominent suspicion of illness without significant somatic discomfort or mood changes. Some suspect a more vague or widespread disease, while others are more singular or specific. In either case, the patient’s suspicions never reach the level of absurdity or delusion. Patients mostly know that there is insufficient evidence of illness and thus wish to find out where the disease is through repeated tests, but are more disturbed by positive test results and sometimes request excessive treatment, such as requesting surgery, but the result is certainly not complete relief of the suspicion, but rather a more painful situation. 3, somatic form of pain disorder: is a kind of persistent and severe pain that can not be reasonably explained by physiological processes or somatic disorders, patients often feel pain, affecting the study work life. Emotional conflicts or psychosocial problems directly lead to the onset of pain, and medical examination cannot find corresponding organic changes at the site of pain. The course of the disease is often prolonged and lasts for more than 6 months. The common sites of pain are headache, atypical facial pain, low back pain and chronic pelvic pain, which can be located on the body surface, deep tissues or visceral organs and can be dull, distending, aching or sharp in nature. The peak age of onset is 30-50 years old, and it is more common in women. Patients often complain of pain, repeatedly seek medical attention, take multiple medications, and in some cases, become dependent on sedative pain medications, and suffer from anxiety, depression, and insomnia. However, the diagnosis of this disease is very easy to misdiagnose, simply from the symptomatology, disease process characteristics, personality characteristics, and the absence of abnormalities in the examination can not easily make this diagnosis, must fully take into account occupational factors, trauma experience, personal behavior characteristics, personality characteristics, habits and other factors, some due to occupational factors, habitual posture caused by muscle stiffness pain, trauma-induced joint disorders caused by pain often with the current examination It is not easy to find abnormalities with the current means of examination, but noticing the above factors can sometimes have unexpected gains, and the discovery of the relevant factors is of great significance to the diagnosis and treatment of patients. 4, somatic form of autonomic disorders: a group of neurological-like syndromes that manifest as somatic disorders in autonomic innervated organ systems (such as cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and respiratory systems). Patients have non-specific, but more individual and subjective symptoms such as pain, burning, heaviness, tightness, swelling in indeterminate locations on top of autonomic excitatory symptoms (e.g. palpitations, sweating, flushing, tremor), none of which can prove the occurrence of somatic disorders in the organs and systems concerned upon examination. The disorder is thus characterized by an apparent autonomic involvement, nonspecific symptoms attached to subjective complaints, and an insistence on attributing symptoms to a specific organ or system. The somatoform disorder is characterized by; and at least 2 of the following signs of autonomic arousal of the organ systems (cardiovascular, respiratory, esophageal and gastric, lower gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary system), manifested by ① palpitations; ② sweating; ③ dry mouth; ④ feverish or flushed face; The patient has at least 1 of the following complaints: ① chest pain or discomfort in the precordial region; ② dyspnea or hyperventilation; ③ hyperventilation with slight exertion; ④ gagging, There is no evidence of structural or functional disorder of the organ of concern; classification includes: cardiac neurosis, neurocirculatory weakness, DaCosta syndrome. Cardiac-causal gagging syndrome, eructation, gastric neurosis. Cardiac agitation syndrome, cardiac diarrhea, flatulence syndrome. Hyperventilation syndrome. Psychogenic dysuria and dyspareunia.