Diagnosis of corneal chromatophore rings

Corneal chromatophore ring is one of the clinical manifestations of biliary cirrhosis. Biliary cirrhosis is caused by prolonged intrahepatic bile retention, or more obstruction of the extrahepatic biliary tract. The former is called primary biliary cirrhosis and the latter is called secondary biliary cirrhosis. The disease occurs in 90% of women, especially in women aged 40-60 years, with a male:female ratio of 1:8. Early symptoms include only mild fatigue and intermittent itching, 1/2 have hepatomegaly, 1/4 have splenomegaly, and elevated serum alkaline phosphatase and γ-GT are often the only positive findings. End-stage manifestations include hepatic failure, variceal rupture, hepatic encephalopathy, ascites, and edema with profound jaundice. Jaundice as the first manifestation accounted for 13%, these patients often have hepatosplenomegaly, may have yellow warts, corneal chromatophore ring, liver palms, spider nevus, butterfly shaped skin pigmentation at the site of scratches, and coarsening and thickening of the skin. Early stage patients can be treated with medication, and in the end stage, liver transplantation is indicated. Diagnosis of corneal chromatophore ring: 1, middle-aged women and above, obvious itching of the skin, hepatomegaly, xanthoma. 2.Serum total cholesterol is obviously increased, serum bilirubin is mildly or moderately elevated, alkaline phosphatase is increased, and bile acid concentration is increased. 3, IgM is elevated, and anti-mitochondrial antibody is positive and high titer. If histologic evidence can be obtained by puncture, it is more helpful to confirm the diagnosis. Concomitant diseases and their related manifestations, 2/3 have connective tissue disease, autoimmune thyroiditis is also common, can also be accompanied by scleroderma, calcium deposits, Raynaud’s phenomenon, 75% have dry keratoconjunctivitis, 35% have asymptomatic bacteriuria, hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, 1/3 have pigmented gallstones, in addition to membranous glomerulonephritis and renal tubular acidosis.