The scope of neurology treatment is very wide and contains many diseases, five common diseases include cerebral thrombosis, cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, transient ischemic attack (TIA), etc. 1. Cerebral thrombosis: When atherosclerosis occurs in the arteries of the brain causing local formation of plaque, when the plaque breaks down and causes platelet aggregation, a thrombus will be formed. Symptoms include dizziness, double vision, slurred speech, swallowing and choking, and weakness of both lower limbs. Treatment should be timely, and thrombolytic therapy should be performed within 6 hours as much as possible, otherwise it will be complicated by sequelae such as hemiparesis of the contralateral limb, hemianopsia, hemianopsia, aphasia, mental and intellectual impairment, etc.; 2. Cerebral infarction: The thrombus enters the blood vessels of the central nervous system with the blood flow, and then blocks in the tiny cerebral vessels, resulting in acute cerebral infarction. The causes are hypertension, atherosclerosis, heart disease, etc. The onset of vomiting, coma, impaired consciousness, ataxia, and rapid onset can paralyze the entire contralateral limb within a few minutes; prevention and treatment with aspirin and other drugs are available, and thrombolysis is required for acute onset. Early rehabilitation exercises can effectively improve the sequelae; 3. Cerebral hemorrhage: poor control of long-term hypertension leads to the formation of aneurysms that thin the blood vessel walls, and another sharp rise in blood pressure will result in cerebral vascular rupture, forming intracranial hematoma compression and causing cell death. It manifests as hemiparesis of the contralateral limb, hemianesthesia, aphasia, and hemianopia. Craniotomy is required to control bleeding and reduce intracranial pressure, which can be life-threatening in severe cases. 4. Subarachnoid hemorrhage: It refers to the rupture of blood vessels on the surface of the brain and at the base of the skull, commonly caused by the rupture of aneurysms at the large arteries, forming subarachnoid hemorrhage, manifesting as headache, nausea, vomiting, positive meningeal irritation signs, etc. Treatment requires close monitoring of vital signs and maintaining a head-high, foot-low position. Sedative drugs such as diazepam are usually given to reduce intracranial pressure and treat hydrocephalus, or mannitol is given intravenously, depending on the situation. If the hematoma is large, surgical removal is required. The prognosis of this disease is poor and the mortality rate is high; 5. Transient ischemic attack (TIA): It manifests as reversible neurological deficit symptoms with hemiparesis, hemianesthesia, hemianopsia or aphasia, which lasts about 2-3 hours, and the patient can return to normal within 24 hours. If it lasts too long, a CT scan or MRI can be performed to look for the formation of a primary lesion. It is usually necessary to actively treat primary pathologies, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and cerebral atherosclerosis. With active and effective treatment, the prognosis is better.