Spots on the face by the sun are mostly considered to be freckles, solar keratosis, chloasma, etc. After clear diagnosis, medication, physical therapy, surgery and other treatments will be taken to remove the spots.
1. Freckles: it can be treated with topical depigmenting agents, such as 3%~5% hydroquinone cream, 0.1% retinoic acid ointment, etc.; it can also be treated with topical exfoliators, such as 30%~35% trichloroacetic acid solution, phenol, etc., which will corrode the local spots and make the local epidermis peeling off; it can also be treated with laser therapy, which will break down the pigment particles and improve the symptoms.
2. Solar keratosis: if the area of skin lesions is relatively large, imiquimod can be used externally for treatment; microwave, electric drying method, laser and other physical treatments can be taken appropriately to remove smaller skin lesions; if the skin lesions have a tendency of malignant transformation, timely surgical excision is needed.
3. Chloasma: after the diagnosis of this disease, external decolorizing agents, such as 2%~5% hydroquinone cream, 4% tretinoin, etc., can be used to reduce the production of pigment; vitamin C, vitamin E and other drugs can be taken orally to inhibit the synthesis of melanin; for those who have bad effect of drug treatment, laser treatment is needed to remove the pigmentation.
It is suggested that patients should go to the dermatology department of regular hospitals for consultation when necessary, and follow the doctor’s instruction to use medicines reasonably, and not blindly use medicines by themselves. Normally, it is necessary to do a good job of sunscreen, avoid ultraviolet radiation for a long time, so as not to aggravate the symptoms.